Flexibilite cognitive dans l'autisme : comment la predictibilite de la tache et le sexe influencent les performances

Titre original en anglais : Cognitive flexibility in autism: How task predictability and sex influence performances

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Lacroix, A., Torija, E., Logemann, A., Baciu, M., Cserjesi, R., Dutheil, F., Gomot, M., & Mermillod, M. (2024). Cognitive flexibility in autism: How task predictability and sex influence performances. Autism Research, 18(2), 281-294. https://doi.org/10.1002/aur.3281

Date de publication: 05/12/2024 Ajout dans AutiHub: 09/08/2026 Type: Article Langue de l’article: Anglais
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Auteurs

Auteur·ices des publications
8
Auteur·ices de la publication identifié·es comme autistes
1 / 8 (12,5 %)
  1. Adeline Lacroix *
  2. Emma Torija
  3. Alexander Logemann
  4. Monica Baciu
  1. Renata Cserjesi
  2. Frédéric Dutheil
  3. Marie Gomot
  4. Martial Mermillod

Résumé

Resume Alors que des difficultes de flexibilite cognitive sont frequemment signalees chez les personnes autistes, les incoherences dans les resultats incitent a approfondir l'etude des facteurs influencant cette flexibilite. Nous suggerons que des aspects propres au cerveau predictif chez les personnes autistes pourraient contribuer a ces difficultes, avec des variations possibles selon le sexe. Notre etude visait a tester ces hypotheses en examinant la flexibilite cognitive dans differentes conditions de predictibilite au sein d'un echantillon comprenant un nombre similaire d'hommes et de femmes. Nous avons mene une etude en ligne aupres de 263 adultes (dont 127 ayant un diagnostic d'autisme), dans laquelle les participants ont realise une tache de flexibilite sous des niveaux variables de predictibilite (imprevisible, moderement previsible et previsible). Nos resultats indiquent qu'a mesure que la predictibilite de la tache augmente, les performances s'ameliorent ; toutefois, l'ecart de temps de reponse entre les personnes autistes et non autistes s'elargit egalement. De plus, nous observons des differences significatives entre les hommes et les femmes autistes, qui different de celles observees chez les personnes non autistes, soulignant la necessite de prendre en compte les differences entre les sexes dans les recherches relatives a la cognition des personnes autistes. Dans l'ensemble, nos resultats contribuent a une meilleure comprehension de la flexibilite cognitive et des differences entre les sexes dans l'autisme a la lumiere des theories du cerveau predictif et suggerent des pistes pour de futures recherches.

Abstract While cognitive flexibility challenges are frequently reported in autistic individuals, inconsistencies in the findings prompt further investigation into the factors influencing this flexibility. We suggest that unique aspects of the predictive brain in autistic individuals might contribute to these challenges, potentially varying by sex. Our study aimed to test these hypotheses by examining cognitive flexibility under different predictability conditions in a sample including a similar number of males and females. We conducted an online study with 263 adults (127 with an autism diagnosis), where participants completed a flexibility task under varying levels of predictability (unpredictable, moderately predictable, and predictable). Our results indicate that as task predictability increases, performance improves; however, the response time gap between autistic and non‐autistic individuals also widens. Moreover, we observe significant differences between autistic males and females, which differ from non‐autistic individuals, highlighting the need to consider sex differences in research related to the cognition of autistic individuals. Overall, our findings contribute to a better understanding of cognitive flexibility and sex differences in autism in light of predictive brain theories and suggest avenues for further research.

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Ces indicateurs décrivent la bibliographie citée importée pour cette publication. Les métriques de références citées utilisent le total des références citées comme dénominateur. Les métriques d’auteurices cité·es indiquent si elles utilisent toutes les occurrences d’auteurices cité·es ou seulement les occurrences rattachées à des auteurices déjà intégré·es à la base de données AutiHub. Ils utilisent les rattachements mis en cache entre les auteurices cité·es et les auteurices intégré·es à la base de données AutiHub. Dernier calcul : 16/08/2026 11:31.

Références citées
67
Nombre total de références citées intégrées pour cette publication.
Références citées avec un·e auteur·ice identifié·e comme autiste
3 / 67 (4,5 %)
Occurrences d’auteur·ices cité·es identifié·es comme autistes
3 / 291 (1,0 %)
Parmi les occurrences rattachées à des auteurices intégré·es à la base de données AutiHub : 3 / 81 (3,7 %). Auteurices cité·es distinct·es identifié·es comme autistes : 1 / 262 (0,4 %).
Occurrences citées rattachées à la base AutiHub
81 / 291 (27,8 %)
Auteurices cité·es distinct·es rattaché·es : 55 / 262 (21,0 %)
Occurrences rattachées, non identifiées comme autistes
78 / 81 (96,3 %)
Parmi les seules occurrences rattachées. Sur l’ensemble des occurrences d’auteurices cité·es : 78 / 291 (26,8 %). Auteurices cité·es distinct·es rattaché·es, non identifié·es comme autistes : 54 / 55 (98,2 %).
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