Theorie de l'esprit et divergence entre informateurs sociaux dans l'autisme

Titre original en anglais : Theory of Mind and Social Informant Discrepancy in Autism

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Collins, A. S., Carroll, K. J., Gerber, A. H., Keenan, E. G., & Lerner, M. D. (2024). Theory of Mind and Social Informant Discrepancy in Autism. Child Psychiatry & Human Development, 57(1), 10-24. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10578-024-01676-4

Date de publication: 19/03/2024 Ajout dans AutiHub: 09/08/2026 Type: Article Langue de l’article: Anglais
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Auteurs

Auteur·ices des publications
5
Auteur·ices de la publication identifié·es comme autistes
1 / 5 (20,0 %)
  1. Alister S. Collins
  2. Kevin J. Carroll
  3. Alan H. Gerber
  4. Elliot Gavin Keenan *
  5. Matthew D Lerner

Résumé

Resume Lorsque l'on demande a des jeunes autistes d'evaluer leurs propres competences sociales, ils s'evaluent frequemment plus favorablement que ne le font leurs parents. Il a ete montre que l'ampleur de cette divergence entre informateurs est liee a des resultats cliniques essentiels tels que la reponse au traitement. Il a ete propose que cette divergence resulte de difficultes avec la theorie de l'esprit. Les participants etaient 167 jeunes ages de 11 a 17 ans, dont 72 % de garcons, ainsi que leurs parents. Les jeunes ont rempli des mesures auto-rapportees des competences sociales et des taches de cognition sociale, tandis que leurs parents ont rempli des questionnaires concernant les competences sociales. Une ANOVA a mesures repetees a indique que les jeunes non autistes et autistes s'evaluaient tous plus favorablement que leurs parents ne les evalueient pour l'ensemble des mesures. Des correlations d'ordre zero ont revele que les differences brutes entre les rapports des parents et des participants etaient negativement correlees aux scores obtenus aux mesures de theorie de l'esprit rapportees par les parents. Toutefois, l'analyse polynomiale n'a pas indique d'effets d'interaction entre les rapports des parents et des participants sur aucune des mesures utilisees. La regression polynomiale a revele que les augmentations des competences sociales rapportees par les parents predisaient des augmentations plus importantes de la theorie de l'esprit rapportee par les parents a de faibles niveaux de competences sociales rapportees par les parents, comparativement a des niveaux eleves de competences sociales rapportees par les parents. Les competences sociales rapportees par les participants predisaient la performance a un test comportemental de theorie de l'esprit de maniere curviligne, de sorte que la relation etait positive a de faibles niveaux de competences sociales rapportees par les participants, mais negative a des niveaux eleves. Cette etude replique le resultat selon lequel les analyses des scores de difference brute peuvent produire des effets illusoires qui ne sont pas confirmes lors de l'utilisation de methodes d'analyse plus contemporaines, et selon lequel des relations plus complexes et subtiles entre la conscience sociale et la prise de perspective existent chez les jeunes autistes.

Abstract When autistic youth are asked to assess their own social skills, they frequently rate themselves more favorably than their parents rate them. The magnitude of this informant discrepancy has been shown to relate to key clinical outcomes such as treatment response. It has been proposed that this discrepancy arises from difficulties with Theory of Mind. Participants were 167 youth 11 to 17 years old; 72% male, and their parents. Youth completed self-report measures of social skills and social cognitive tasks, while their parents completed questionnaires regarding social skills. A repeated-measures ANOVA indicated both non-autistic and autistic youth rated themselves more favorably than their parents rated them across all measures. Zero-order correlations revealed that raw differences between parent- and participant-report were negatively correlated with scores on parent-reported Theory of Mind measures. However, polynomial analysis did not indicate interaction effects between parent- and participant-report on any of the measures used. Polynomial regression revealed that increases in parent-reported social skill predicted larger increases in parent-report Theory of Mind at low levels of parent-reported social skill compared to high levels of parent-reported social skill. Participant-report social skills predicted performance on a behavioral Theory of Mind test in a curvilinear fashion, such that the relationship was positive at low levels of participant-reported social skills, but negative at high levels. This study replicates the finding that raw difference score analyses may result in illusory effects that are not supported when using more contemporary analysis methods, and that more complex and subtle relationships between social insight and perspective-taking exist within autistic youth.

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Références citées
56
Nombre total de références citées intégrées pour cette publication.
Références citées avec un·e auteur·ice identifié·e comme autiste
3 / 56 (5,4 %)
Occurrences d’auteur·ices cité·es identifié·es comme autistes
3 / 224 (1,3 %)
Parmi les occurrences rattachées à des auteurices intégré·es à la base de données AutiHub : 3 / 38 (7,9 %). Auteurices cité·es distinct·es identifié·es comme autistes : 3 / 190 (1,6 %).
Occurrences citées rattachées à la base AutiHub
38 / 224 (17,0 %)
Auteurices cité·es distinct·es rattaché·es : 25 / 190 (13,2 %)
Occurrences rattachées, non identifiées comme autistes
35 / 38 (92,1 %)
Parmi les seules occurrences rattachées. Sur l’ensemble des occurrences d’auteurices cité·es : 35 / 224 (15,6 %). Auteurices cité·es distinct·es rattaché·es, non identifié·es comme autistes : 22 / 25 (88,0 %).
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