L’autisme et la question de l’humain
Titre original en anglais : Autism and the Question of the Human
Bergenmar, J., Bertilsdotter Rosqvist, H., & Lönngren, A. S. (2015). Autism and the Question of the Human. Literature and Medicine, 33(1), 202-221. https://doi.org/10.1353/lm.2015.0009
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Auteurs
Résumé
L’article examine comment des notions normatives des émotions et de l’interaction sont actives dans les constructions des catégories d’« humain » et d’« animal » dans différents discours sur l’autisme : scientifique et autobiographique. Dans le discours scientifique sur l’émotionnalité autistique, une perspective déficitaire de l’autisme est centrale. Le discours général sur le déficit affectif repose sur des notions discursives normatives d’« humanité » ou d’« émotionnalité humaine ». Ainsi, les neurotypiques sont produits comme de véritables « humains » et l’émotionnalité neurotypique comme une émotionnalité humaine « normale ». Cette normativité humaine est remise en question dans les textes autobiographiques suédois de Gunilla Gerland (née en 1963), Iris Johansson (née en 1945) et Immanuel Brändemo (né en 1980). Avec des auteurs américains d’autobiographies sur l’autisme, tels que Thinking in Pictures (1995) de Temple Grandin et Songs of the Gorilla Nation (2004) de Dawn Prince-Hughes, ils déstabilisent les catégories d’« humain » et d’« animal » en s’identifiant à des animaux non humains, en se décrivant comme tels, ou en se sentant disqualifiés en tant que véritables humains.
Bibliographie citée par cette référence
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