Diagnostic status influences rapport and communicative behaviours in dyadic interactions between autistic and non-autistic people

This publication is included in the Autistic Autism Scholarship Project. two authors of this publication are identified as autistic in the project.

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Efthimiou, T. N., Lewis, S., Foster, S. J., Wilks, C., Dodd, M., Jiménez-Sánchez, L., Ropar, D., Ackerman, R. A., Sasson, N., Fletcher-Watson, S., & Crompton, C. J. (2025). Diagnostic status influences rapport and communicative behaviours in dyadic interactions between autistic and non-autistic people. PLOS One, 20(8), e0330222. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0330222

Publication date: 29 Aug 2025 Added to AutiHub: 5 Jul 2026 Type: Article Article language: English
Publisher source (DOI) Full text OpenAlex source

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Authors

Publication authors
11
Publication authors identified as autistic
2 / 11 (18.2%)
  1. Themis Nikolas Efthimiou
  2. Stephanie Lewis
  3. Sarah J. Foster *
  4. Charlotte Wilks
  1. Michelle Dodd *
  2. Lorena Jiménez-Sánchez
  3. Danielle Ropar
  4. Robert A. Ackerman
  1. Noah Sasson
  2. Sue Fletcher-Watson
  3. Catherine J. Crompton

Abstract

A growing body of research suggests that the behaviours and experiences of autistic and non-autistic people are influenced by whether they are interacting with someone of the same or different diagnostic status. However, little is known about the relationship between these behaviours and the experiences of rapport in matched and mixed neurotype dyads. Using the Actor-Partner Interdependence Model, our pre-registered analyses examine how participants' and their partners' diagnostic statuses influence linguistic, behavioural, and kinematic indices, and how these relate to feelings of rapport among autistic and (n = 57; 17 self-diagnosed) non-autistic (n = 51) participants interacting within autistic (n = 20), non-autistic (n = 17), and mixed autistic-non-autistic (n = 17) dyads. We found that autistic participants reported lower rapport regardless of their partner's diagnostic status, though awareness of their partner's diagnostic status had a moderating effect. We observed a linguistic difference, autistic participants produced longer mean utterance lengths, these and other behavioural or kinematic indices did not mediate the relationship between diagnostic status and rapport across neurotypes. The current work highlights the need for a nuanced understanding of communication dynamics in autism.

Bibliography cited by this reference

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Cited bibliography overview

These indicators describe the bibliography cited by this publication. An author name is counted each time it appears in one cited reference, so the same person can be counted more than once. Names not yet linked to an author already present in AutiHub are treated as unknown, not as non-autistic. Last computed: 2 Oct 2026 11:54.

Cited references
83
With a DOI
71
Without a DOI, from raw bibliography text
11
12 / 83 (14.5%) cited references include at least one author identified as autistic.
References with data to complete
5 / 83 (6.0%)
References with detected author names
79 / 83 (95.2%)
Without detected author names
4
Without a structured title
5
Without a stable identifier
11
References with raw author names still to review
3
References with external metadata lookup issues
0
These indicators apply to cited references displayed on this page, after technical duplicates have been merged. A reference without a DOI can still support author statistics when a title and author names are available.
Author names detected in the cited bibliography
275
From DOI or external metadata
275
From validated raw bibliography text
0
Raw names already validated
0
Raw names still to review
3
105 / 275 (38.2%) names are linked to an author already present in AutiHub. 170 / 275 (61.8%) names are not yet linked.
Names linked to a person identified as autistic
16 / 275 (5.8%)
Calculated across all author names detected in the cited bibliography. Among names linked to an author already present in AutiHub: 16 / 105 (15.2%). Distinct people identified as autistic: 13 / 229 (5.7%).
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