The Ritvo Autism Asperger Diagnostic Scale-Revised (RAADS-R): A Scale to Assist the Diagnosis of Autism Spectrum Disorder in Adults: An International Validation Study

This publication is included in the Autistic Autism Scholarship Project. one author of this publication is identified as autistic in the project.

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Ritvo, R. A., Ritvo, E. R., Guthrie, D., Ritvo, M. J., Hufnagel, D. H., McMahon, W., Tonge, B., Mataix-Cols, D., Jassi, A., Attwood, T., & Eloff, J. (2010). The Ritvo Autism Asperger Diagnostic Scale-Revised (RAADS-R): A Scale to Assist the Diagnosis of Autism Spectrum Disorder in Adults: An International Validation Study. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 41(8), 1076-1089. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10803-010-1133-5

Publication date: 17 Nov 2010 Added to AutiHub: 7 Sep 2026 Type: Article Article language: English
Publisher source (DOI) Full text OpenAlex source

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Authors

Publication authors
11
Publication authors identified as autistic
1 / 11 (9.1%)
  1. Riva Ariella Ritvo
  2. Edward R. Ritvo
  3. Donald Guthrie
  4. Max J. Ritvo
  1. Demetra H. Hufnagel
  2. William McMahon
  3. Bruce Tonge
  4. David Mataix-Cols
  1. Amita Jassi
  2. Tony Attwood *
  3. Johann Eloff

Abstract

The Ritvo Autism Asperger Diagnostic Scale-Revised (RAADS-R) is a valid and reliable instrument to assist the diagnosis of adults with Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD). The 80-question scale was administered to 779 subjects (201 ASD and 578 comparisons). All ASD subjects met inclusion criteria: DSM-IV-TR, ADI/ADOS diagnoses and standardized IQ testing. Mean scores for each of the questions and total mean ASD vs. the comparison groups' scores were significantly different (p <.0001). Concurrent validity with Constantino Social Responsiveness Scale-Adult = 95.59%. Sensitivity = 97%, specificity = 100%, test-retest reliability r =.987. Cronbach alpha coefficients for the subscales and 4 derived factors were good. We conclude that the RAADS-R is a useful adjunct diagnostic tool for adults with ASD.

Bibliography cited by this reference

Cited references are imported from external metadata sources when they are available. The list may be partial.

Cited bibliography overview

These indicators describe the bibliography cited by this publication. An author name is counted each time it appears in one cited reference, so the same person can be counted more than once. Names not yet linked to an author already present in AutiHub are treated as unknown, not as non-autistic. Last computed: 12 Sep 2026 01:04.

Cited references
18
With a DOI
13
Without a DOI, from raw bibliography text
5
1 / 18 (5.6%) cited references include at least one author identified as autistic.
References with data to complete
1 / 18 (5.6%)
References with detected author names
17 / 18 (94.4%)
Without detected author names
1
Without a structured title
1
Without a stable identifier
4
References with raw author names still to review
1
References with external metadata lookup issues
0
These indicators apply to cited references displayed on this page, after technical duplicates have been merged. A reference without a DOI can still support author statistics when a title and author names are available.
Author names detected in the cited bibliography
41
From DOI or external metadata
41
From validated raw bibliography text
0
Raw names already validated
0
Raw names still to review
1
14 / 41 (34.1%) names are linked to an author already present in AutiHub. 27 / 41 (65.9%) names are not yet linked.
Names linked to a person identified as autistic
1 / 41 (2.4%)
Calculated across all author names detected in the cited bibliography. Among names linked to an author already present in AutiHub: 1 / 14 (7.1%). Distinct people identified as autistic: 1 / 37 (2.7%).
  1. Tony Attwood * (1998). Asperger's Syndrome: A Guide for Parents and Professionals .
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  3. Simon Baron-Cohen , Sally Wheelwright , Richard Skinner , Joanne Martin , Emma Clubley (2001). The Autism-Spectrum Quotient (AQ): Evidence from Asperger Syndrome/High-Functioning Autism, Males and Females, Scientists and Mathematicians . Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 31(1), 5-17. Springer Science and Business Media LLC.
    Type: Article DOI: 10.1023/a:1005653411471 OpenAlex: https://openalex.org/W2100254283
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    OpenAlex
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    Type: Other
    Crossref
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    Crossref OpenAlex OpenCitations
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    OpenAlex
  8. Sven Bölte , Fritz Poustka , John N. Constantino (2008). Assessing autistic traits: cross‐cultural validation of the social responsiveness scale (SRS) . Autism Research, 1(6), 354-363. Wiley.
    Type: Article DOI: 10.1002/aur.49 OpenAlex: https://openalex.org/W2166649563
    Crossref OpenAlex OpenCitations
  9. Simon Baron-Cohen , Sally Wheelwright , Janine Robinson , Marc Woodbury-Smith (2005). The Adult Asperger Assessment (AAA): A Diagnostic Method . Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 35(6), 807-819. Springer Science and Business Media LLC.
    Type: Article DOI: 10.1007/s10803-005-0026-5 OpenAlex: https://openalex.org/W2161744492
    Crossref OpenAlex OpenCitations
  10. Riva Ariella Ritvo , Edward R. Ritvo , Donald Guthrie , Arthur Yuwiler , Max J. Ritvo , Leo Weisbender (2008). A Scale to Assist the Diagnosis of Autism and Asperger’s Disorder in Adults (RAADS): A Pilot Study . Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 38(2), 213-223. Springer Science and Business Media LLC.
    Type: Article DOI: 10.1007/s10803-007-0380-6 OpenAlex: https://openalex.org/W2021297544
    Crossref OpenAlex OpenCitations
  11. Michael Fitzgerald , Aiden Corvin (2001). Diagnosis and differential diagnosis of Asperger syndrome . Advances in Psychiatric Treatment, 7(4), 310-318. Cambridge University Press (CUP).
    Type: Article DOI: 10.1192/apt.7.4.310 OpenAlex: https://openalex.org/W2132621811
    Crossref OpenAlex OpenCitations
  12. Stephan Ehlers , Christopher Gillberg , Lorna Wing (1999). A Screening Questionnaire for Asperger Syndrome and Other High-Functioning Autism Spectrum Disorders in School Age Children . Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 29(2), 129-141. Springer Science and Business Media LLC.
    Type: Article DOI: 10.1023/a:1023040610384 OpenAlex: https://openalex.org/W2111546106
    Crossref OpenAlex OpenCitations
  13. Catherine Lord , Fred R. Volkmar (2007). Diagnosis and definition of autism and other pervasive developmental disorders . In Autism and Pervasive Developmental Disorders (pp. 1-32). Cambridge University Press.
    Type: Book chapter DOI: 10.1017/cbo9780511544446.002 OpenAlex: https://openalex.org/W2111712373
    OpenAlex
  14. Fred R. Volkmar , Ami Klin (2012). Autism and the pervasive developmental disorders . In New Oxford Textbook of Psychiatry (pp. 1634-1643). Oxford University PressOxford.
    Type: Book chapter DOI: 10.1093/med/9780199696758.003.0214 OpenAlex: https://openalex.org/W2134295588
    OpenAlex
  15. Janet B W Williams , Michael First (2013). Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders . Encyclopedia of Social Work. Oxford University PressNew York, NY.
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    Crossref
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    OpenAlex