Hospitalizations Among Children and Youth With Autism in the United States: Frequency, Characteristics, and Costs

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McMaughan,, D. J., Jones, J. L., Mulcahy, A., Tucker, E. C., Beverly, J. G., & Perez-Patron, M. (2022). Hospitalizations Among Children and Youth With Autism in the United States: Frequency, Characteristics, and Costs. Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities, 60(6), 484-503. https://doi.org/10.1352/1934-9556-60.6.484

Publication date: 1 Dec 2022 Added to AutiHub: 9 Oct 2026 Type: Article Article language: English
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Authors

Publication authors
6
Autistic authors reported by the publication
2
  1. Darcy Jones (DJ) McMaughan,
  2. Jennifer L. Jones
  3. Abigail Mulcahy
  1. Emily C. Tucker
  2. Judith G. Beverly
  3. Maria Perez-Patron

Abstract

National estimates of hospitalization diagnoses and costs were determined using the 2016 HCUP Kids' Inpatient Database. Children and youth with autism were hospitalized over 45,000 times at over $560 million in costs and 260,000 inpatient days. The most frequent principal diagnoses for hospitalizations of children and youth with autism were epilepsy, mental health conditions, pneumonia, asthma, and gastrointestinal disorders, which resulted in almost $200 million in costs and 150,000 inpatient days. Mental health diagnoses accounted for 24.8% of hospitalizations, an estimated $82 million in costs, and approximately 94,000 inpatient days. Children and youth with autism were more likely hospitalized for epilepsy, mental health diagnoses, and gastrointestinal disorders, and less likely for pneumonia and asthma compared to other children and youth.

Bibliography cited by this reference

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Cited bibliography overview

These indicators describe the bibliography cited by this publication. An author name is counted each time it appears in one cited reference, so the same person can be counted more than once. Names not yet linked to an author already present in AutiHub are treated as unknown, not as non-autistic. Last computed: 28 Oct 2026 01:01.

Cited references
74
With a DOI
67
Without a DOI, from raw bibliography text
7
4 / 74 (5.4%) cited references include at least one author identified as autistic.
References with data to complete
7 / 74 (9.5%)
References with detected author names
67 / 74 (90.5%)
Without detected author names
7
Without a structured title
7
Without a stable identifier
7
References with raw author names still to review
7
References with external metadata lookup issues
0
These indicators apply to cited references displayed on this page, after technical duplicates have been merged. A reference without a DOI can still support author statistics when a title and author names are available.
Author names detected in the cited bibliography
343
From DOI or external metadata
343
From validated raw bibliography text
0
Raw names already validated
0
Raw names still to review
10
85 / 343 (24.8%) names are linked to an author already present in AutiHub. 258 / 343 (75.2%) names are not yet linked.
Names linked to a person identified as autistic
23 / 343 (6.7%)
Calculated across all author names detected in the cited bibliography. Among names linked to an author already present in AutiHub: 23 / 85 (27.1%). Distinct people identified as autistic: 23 / 299 (7.7%).
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