The role of alexithymia and autistic traits in predicting quality of life in an online sample

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Mason, D. & Happé, F. (2021). The role of alexithymia and autistic traits in predicting quality of life in an online sample. Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders, 90, 101887. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rasd.2021.101887

Publication date: 1 Dec 2021 Added to AutiHub: 18 Sep 2026 Type: Article Article language: English
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Authors

Publication authors
2
Publication authors identified as autistic
1 / 2 (50.0%)
  1. David Mason *
  2. Francesca Happé

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Autistic people tend to report poorer Quality of Life (QOL) than comparison groups, though some studies do report more optimistic findings. Higher autistic traits are also related to poorer QOL. However, the role of alexithymia in this relationship has not been explored. METHOD: A total of 163 participants (N = 53 autistic and N = 111 comparison) consented to take part; however, 30 participants were excluded due to missing data (who did not differ from those who were retained on age, gender, education, employment, or living status), leaving a final sample of 133 (N = 42 Autistic and 91 Comparison participants). Demographic information (including age, gender) was collected, alongside self-report measures of autistic traits, mental health, alexithymia, and QOL. We estimated regression models based on pre-registered analysis, and we conducted exploratory network analyses. RESULTS: Alexithymic traits did not predict QOL when controlling for covariates. Depression significantly predicted Physical, Psychological, and Social QOL. When examining the impact of just alexithymic traits and autistic traits, both were significantly associated with Physical and Psychological QOL. For participants with a low depression score, the correlation between alexithymia and QOL was strong; suggesting that depression occludes the association between alexithymia and QOL. Network analyses suggested that depression and anxiety exert direct effects on Physical and Psychological QOL, whereas alexithymia scores may influence Physical QOL via autistic traits. CONCLUSION: In sum, depression is a pervasive negative predictor of multiple QOL domains. The role of alexithymia in predicting QOL dimensionally and categorically was not ruled out, given our exploratory analyses, we suggest that interventions which target alexithymia may positively impact QOL for those who score low on depressive symptoms.

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Cited references
112
With a DOI
103
Without a DOI, from raw bibliography text
6
10 / 112 (8.9%) cited references include at least one author identified as autistic.
References with data to complete
1 / 112 (0.9%)
References with detected author names
111 / 112 (99.1%)
Without detected author names
1
Without a structured title
0
Without a stable identifier
6
References with raw author names still to review
0
References with external metadata lookup issues
2
These indicators apply to cited references displayed on this page, after technical duplicates have been merged. A reference without a DOI can still support author statistics when a title and author names are available.
Author names detected in the cited bibliography
472
From DOI or external metadata
472
From validated raw bibliography text
0
Raw names already validated
0
Raw names still to review
0
149 / 472 (31.6%) names are linked to an author already present in AutiHub. 323 / 472 (68.4%) names are not yet linked.
Names linked to a person identified as autistic
19 / 472 (4.0%)
Calculated across all author names detected in the cited bibliography. Among names linked to an author already present in AutiHub: 19 / 149 (12.8%). Distinct people identified as autistic: 12 / 398 (3.0%).
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