Au-dela de l'autoregulation : experiences et perceptions autistiques du stimming

Titre original en anglais : Beyond self-regulation: Autistic experiences and perceptions of stimming

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Morris, I. F., Sykes, J. R., Paulus, E. R., Dameh, A., Razzaque, A., Esch, L. V., Gruenig, J., & Zelazo, P. D. (2025). Beyond self-regulation: Autistic experiences and perceptions of stimming. Neurodiversity, 3. https://doi.org/10.1177/27546330241311096

Date de publication: 01/01/2025 Ajout dans AutiHub: 06/07/2026 Type: Article Langue de l’article: Anglais
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Auteurs

Auteur·ices des publications
8
Auteur·ices de la publication identifié·es comme autistes
3 / 8 (37,5 %)
  1. Isabelle F. Morris *
  2. Jesica R Sykes *
  3. Emilie R Paulus
  4. Alharith Dameh
  1. Aysha Razzaque *
  2. Lauren Vander Esch
  3. Jenna Gruenig
  4. Philip David Zelazo

Résumé

Les comportements repetitifs d'autostimulation (« stimming ») constituent une caracteristique distinctive de l'autisme. Le stimming est considere comme aidant a l'autoregulation, mais les perspectives autistiques sur le stimming sont sous-representees dans la litterature. Des adultes autistes (Etude 1 N = 131 ; Etude 2 N = 117) ont rempli une enquete sur leur identite autistique ainsi que sur leurs experiences et perceptions du stimming, et sur les fonctions remplies par le stimming. Les participants ont indique que le stimming etait parfois positif et parfois negatif, le stimming n'etant une experience negative que lorsqu'il etait auto-infligeant ou stigmatise. Bien qu'il constitue frequemment une experience positive, les participants supprimaient volontairement le stimming (« masking »), ce qui etait fait presque exclusivement pour des raisons extrinseques (p. ex., pour eviter le jugement des autres). La majorite des participants estimaient que le stimming (1) etait une partie importante de leur amitie avec d'autres personnes autistes, (2) les aidait a se connecter avec d'autres personnes autistes et (3) que, lorsqu'ils voyaient d'autres personnes autistes faire du stimming, ils pouvaient dire ce qu'elles ressentaient. L'Etude 2 a montre que le degre de connexion a la communaute autistique etait le predicteur le plus important du fait que le stimming remplisse ces fonctions de communication sociale. Resume destine au grand public Le stimming, ou comportement repetitif d'autostimulation, est couramment observe chez les personnes autistes et est considere comme aidant a l'autoregulation. Toutefois, les points de vue des personnes autistes sur le stimming sont peu representes dans la recherche academique. Deux etudes ont interroge des adultes autistes (131 dans l'Etude 1 et 117 dans l'Etude 2) sur leur identite, leurs experiences et leurs points de vue concernant le stimming, ainsi que sur ses fonctions. Les participants ont indique que le stimming pouvait etre a la fois positif et negatif, la negativite ne survenant que lorsqu'il provoquait une automutilation ou etait stigmatise. Bien que le stimming ait souvent ete une experience positive, de nombreux participants le supprimaient intentionnellement afin d'eviter le jugement des autres. La plupart des participants estimaient que le stimming jouait un role cle dans leurs amities et leurs liens avec d'autres personnes autistes et qu'il les aidait a comprendre les emotions les uns des autres. L'Etude 2 a revele qu'un lien fort avec la communaute autistique etait le facteur le plus important pour determiner si le stimming remplissait ces fonctions sociales et communicatives. Compte tenu de l'importance potentielle du stimming en tant que communication sociale au sein de la communaute autistique, les interventions visant a ameliorer les competences sociales et de communication des personnes autistes devraient envisager des moyens d'integrer le stimming. Une meilleure comprehension des roles importants que joue le stimming dans la vie des personnes autistes est benefique au bien-etre des personnes autistes.

Repetitive, self-stimulatory behaviors (“stimming”) are a hallmark characteristic of autism. Stimming is thought to aid in self-regulation, but autistic perspectives of stimming are underrepresented in the literature. Autistic adults (Study 1 N = 131; Study 2 N = 117) completed a survey about their autistic identity and their experiences and perceptions of stimming, as well as the functions stimming served. Participants reported stimming to be sometimes positive and sometimes negative, with stimming only being a negative experience when it was self-injurious or stigmatized. Despite frequently being a positive experience, participants purposefully suppressed stimming (“masking”), which was done almost exclusively for extrinsic reasons (e.g. to avoid judgment from others). The majority of participants felt stimming (1) was an important part of their friendship with other autistic people, (2) helped them connect with other autistic people, and (3) that when they saw other autistic people stimming, they could tell what they were feeling. Study 2 found that the degree of connection to the autistic community was the most important predictor of whether stimming served these social-communication functions. Lay abstract Stimming, or repetitive self-stimulatory behavior, is commonly seen in autistic people and is believed to help with self-regulation. However, the views of autistic people on stimming are not well represented in academic research. Two studies surveyed autistic adults (131 in Study 1 and 117 in Study 2) about their identity, experiences, and views on stimming, as well as its purposes. Participants reported that stimming could be both positive and negative, with negativity only arising when it caused self-injury or was stigmatized. Although stimming was often a positive experience, many participants intentionally suppressed it to avoid judgment from others. Most participants felt that stimming played a key role in their friendships and connections with other autistic individuals and that it helped them understand each other's emotions. Study 2 revealed that a strong connection to the autistic community was the most important factor in whether stimming served these social and communicative purposes. Given the potential importance of stimming as social communication within the Autistic community, interventions to enhance social and communication skills in Autistic individuals should consider ways to incorporate stimming. A better understanding of the important roles stimming plays in Autistic people's lives is beneficial for the well-being of Autistic individuals.

Bibliographie citée par cette référence

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Vue d’ensemble de l’inclusion dans la bibliographie

Ces indicateurs décrivent la bibliographie citée importée pour cette publication. Les métriques de références citées utilisent le total des références citées comme dénominateur. Les métriques d’auteurices cité·es indiquent si elles utilisent toutes les occurrences d’auteurices cité·es ou seulement les occurrences rattachées à des auteurices déjà intégré·es à la base de données AutiHub. Ils utilisent les rattachements mis en cache entre les auteurices cité·es et les auteurices intégré·es à la base de données AutiHub. Dernier calcul : 16/08/2026 11:31.

Références citées
43
Nombre total de références citées intégrées pour cette publication.
Références citées avec un·e auteur·ice identifié·e comme autiste
4 / 43 (9,3 %)
Occurrences d’auteur·ices cité·es identifié·es comme autistes
5 / 120 (4,2 %)
Parmi les occurrences rattachées à des auteurices intégré·es à la base de données AutiHub : 5 / 32 (15,6 %). Auteurices cité·es distinct·es identifié·es comme autistes : 4 / 107 (3,7 %).
Occurrences citées rattachées à la base AutiHub
32 / 120 (26,7 %)
Auteurices cité·es distinct·es rattaché·es : 25 / 107 (23,4 %)
Occurrences rattachées, non identifiées comme autistes
27 / 32 (84,4 %)
Parmi les seules occurrences rattachées. Sur l’ensemble des occurrences d’auteurices cité·es : 27 / 120 (22,5 %). Auteurices cité·es distinct·es rattaché·es, non identifié·es comme autistes : 21 / 25 (84,0 %).
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