Soins de santé reproductive chez les adolescents atteints d'autisme et d'autres troubles du développement

Titre original en anglais : Reproductive healthcare in adolescents with autism and other developmental disabilities

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Ames, J., Anderson, M., Cronbach, E., Lee, C., Giwa Onaiwu, M., Vallerie, A. M., & Croen, L. A. (2024). Reproductive healthcare in adolescents with autism and other developmental disabilities. American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology, 230(5), 546.e1-546.e14. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajog.2024.01.005

Date de publication: 12/01/2024 Ajout dans AutiHub: 05/07/2026 Type: Article Langue de l’article: Anglais
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Auteurs

Auteur·ices des publications
7
Auteur·ices de la publication identifié·es comme autistes
1 / 7 (14,3 %)
  1. Jennifer Ames
  2. Meredith Anderson
  3. Emily Cronbach
  4. Catherine Lee
  1. Morénike Giwa Onaiwu *
  2. Amy M. Vallerie
  3. Lisa A. Croen

Résumé

CONTEXTE : Les adultes présentant des troubles du développement ont souvent un accès moindre aux services de santé reproductive que les adultes ne présentant pas ces troubles. Cependant, on sait peu de choses sur la manière dont les adolescents présentant des troubles du développement, y compris l'autisme, accèdent aux soins de santé reproductive. OBJECTIF : Nous avons cherché à caractériser l'utilisation des services de santé reproductive chez les adolescents atteints d'autisme et ceux présentant d'autres troubles du développement, en comparaison avec des adolescents au développement typique. PLAN DE L'ETUDE : Nous avons mené une étude de cohorte portant sur un échantillon d'adolescents qui étaient membres continuellement inscrits à Kaiser Permanente Northern California, un système de santé intégré, de l'âge de 14 ans à l'âge de 18 ans. L'échantillon analytique final comprenait 700 adolescents atteints d'autisme, 836 adolescents présentant d'autres troubles du développement et 2187 adolescents au développement typique ayant consulté entre 2000 et 2017. A partir du dossier de santé électronique, nous avons obtenu des informations sur les affections menstruelles, le recours aux soins obstétricaux-gynécologiques et les prescriptions de contraception hormonale. Nous avons comparé l'utilisation des soins de santé entre les groupes à l'aide de tests du chi carré et de rapports de risque ajustés sur les covariables, estimés au moyen d'une régression de Poisson modifiée. RESULTATS : Les adolescents atteints d'autisme et ceux présentant d'autres troubles du développement étaient significativement plus susceptibles de recevoir des diagnostics de troubles menstruels, de syndrome des ovaires polykystiques et de syndrome prémenstruel que les adolescents au développement typique. Ces 2 groupes étaient également moins susceptibles que leurs pairs au développement typique de consulter un obstétricien-gynécologue ou d'utiliser toute forme de contraception hormonale, y compris la contraception orale, les implants hormonaux et les dispositifs intra-utérins. Les adolescents des 3 groupes ont le plus souvent accédé à la contraception hormonale par l'intermédiaire de leur prestataire de soins primaires, suivi d'un obstétricien-gynécologue. CONCLUSION : Les adolescents atteints d'autisme et ceux présentant d'autres troubles du développement sont moins susceptibles que leurs pairs au développement typique de consulter un obstétricien-gynécologue et d'utiliser une contraception hormonale, ce qui suggère de possibles disparités de soins pouvant persister à l'âge adulte. Les efforts visant à améliorer l'accès aux soins de santé reproductive dans ces populations devraient cibler les soins dispensés à la fois dans les contextes pédiatriques et d'obstétrique-gynécologie.

BACKGROUND: Adults with developmental disabilities often have less access to reproductive health services than adults without these disabilities. However, little is known about how adolescents with developmental disabilities, including autism, access reproductive healthcare. OBJECTIVE: We aimed to characterize the use of reproductive healthcare services among adolescents with autism and those with other developmental disabilities in comparison with adolescents with typical development. STUDY DESIGN: We conducted a cohort study of a sample of adolescents who were continuously enrolled members of Kaiser Permanente Northern California, an integrated healthcare system, from ages 14 to 18 years. The final analytical sample included 700 adolescents with autism, 836 adolescents with other developmental disabilities, and 2187 typically developing adolescents who sought care between 2000 and 2017. Using the electronic health record, we obtained information on menstrual conditions, the use of obstetrical-gynecologic care, and prescriptions of hormonal contraception. We compared healthcare use between the groups using chi-square tests and covariate-adjusted risk ratios estimated using modified Poisson regression. RESULTS: Adolescents with autism and those with other developmental disabilities were significantly more likely to have diagnoses of menstrual disorders, polycystic ovary syndrome, and premenstrual syndrome than typically developing adolescents. These 2 groups also were less likely than typically developing peers to visit the obstetrician-gynecologist or to use any form of hormonal contraception, including oral contraception, hormonal implants, and intrauterine devices. Adolescents in all 3 groups accessed hormonal contraception most frequently through their primary care provider, followed by an obstetrician-gynecologist. CONCLUSION: Adolescents with autism and those with other developmental disabilities are less likely than their typically developing peers to visit the obstetrician-gynecologist and to use hormonal contraception, suggesting possible care disparities that may persist into adulthood. Efforts to improve access to reproductive healthcare in these populations should target care delivered in both the pediatric and obstetrics-gynecology settings.

Bibliographie citée par cette référence

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Vue d’ensemble de l’inclusion dans la bibliographie

Ces indicateurs décrivent la bibliographie citée importée pour cette publication. Les métriques de références citées utilisent le total des références citées comme dénominateur. Les métriques d’auteurices cité·es indiquent si elles utilisent toutes les occurrences d’auteurices cité·es ou seulement les occurrences rattachées à des auteurices déjà intégré·es à la base de données AutiHub. Ils utilisent les rattachements mis en cache entre les auteurices cité·es et les auteurices intégré·es à la base de données AutiHub. Dernier calcul : 16/08/2026 11:30.

Références citées
62
Nombre total de références citées intégrées pour cette publication.
Références citées avec un·e auteur·ice identifié·e comme autiste
2 / 62 (3,2 %)
Occurrences d’auteur·ices cité·es identifié·es comme autistes
4 / 270 (1,5 %)
Parmi les occurrences rattachées à des auteurices intégré·es à la base de données AutiHub : 4 / 65 (6,2 %). Auteurices cité·es distinct·es identifié·es comme autistes : 4 / 237 (1,7 %).
Occurrences citées rattachées à la base AutiHub
65 / 270 (24,1 %)
Auteurices cité·es distinct·es rattaché·es : 44 / 237 (18,6 %)
Occurrences rattachées, non identifiées comme autistes
61 / 65 (93,8 %)
Parmi les seules occurrences rattachées. Sur l’ensemble des occurrences d’auteurices cité·es : 61 / 270 (22,6 %). Auteurices cité·es distinct·es rattaché·es, non identifié·es comme autistes : 40 / 44 (90,9 %).
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