Les indicateurs comportementaux et physiologiques de l'anxiété reflètent des profils communs et distincts chez des individus atteints de syndromes neurogénétiques

Titre original en anglais : Behavioural and physiological indicators of anxiety reflect shared and distinct profiles across individuals with neurogenetic syndromes

Cette publication est incluse dans le projet « Contributions académiques de personnes autistes sur l’autisme ». un auteur·ice de cette publication est identifié·e comme autiste dans le projet.

À propos de la mention auteur·ice autiste

Crawford, H., Oliver, C., Groves, L., Bradley, L., Smith, K., Hogan, A., Renshaw, D., Waite, J., & Roberts, J. (2023). Behavioural and physiological indicators of anxiety reflect shared and distinct profiles across individuals with neurogenetic syndromes. Psychiatry Research, 326, 115278. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychres.2023.115278

Date de publication: 31/05/2023 Ajout dans AutiHub: 26/09/2026 Type: Article Langue de l’article: Anglais

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Résumé

L’anxiété est accrue chez les personnes présentant une déficience intellectuelle, en particulier chez celles atteintes de syndromes neurogénétiques spécifiques. L’évaluation de l’anxiété chez ces personnes est entravée par le manque de mesures appropriées tenant compte des troubles de la communication, des différences de présentation et des caractéristiques qui se chevauchent avec des affections concomitantes. Ici, nous adoptons une approche multiméthode afin d’identifier des réponses comportementales et physiologiques fines (par le cortisol salivaire) aux sollicitations anxiogènes chez des personnes atteintes du syndrome de l’X fragile (FXS ; n = 27 ; Mage = 20,11 ans ; étendue 6,32 - 47,04 ans) et du syndrome de Cornelia de Lange (CdLS ; n = 27 ; Mage = 18,42 ans ; étendue 4,28 - 41,08 ans), deux groupes neurogénétiques à haut risque d’anxiété, comparativement à des enfants neurotypiques (NT ; n = 21 ; Mage = 5,97 ans ; étendue 4,34 - 7,30 ans). Les résultats indiquent que l’évitement physique des stimuli redoutés et la recherche de proximité auprès d’un adulte familier sont des indicateurs comportementaux importants d’anxiété/de stress dans le FXS et le CdLS. Une activation physiologique généralisée accrue a été identifiée dans ces groupes au moyen du cortisol salivaire. Une association entre les caractéristiques autistiques et l’anxiété était manifeste dans le groupe FXS, mais non dans le groupe CdLS, ce qui met en évidence des nuances spécifiques au syndrome dans l’association entre l’anxiété et l’autisme. Cette étude améliore la compréhension de la présentation comportementale et physiologique de l’anxiété chez les personnes présentant une déficience intellectuelle et fait progresser les développements théoriques concernant le développement et le maintien de l’anxiété à l’intersection de l’autisme.

Anxiety is heightened in individuals with intellectual disability, particularly in those with specific neurogenetic syndromes. Assessment of anxiety for these individuals is hampered by a lack of appropriate measures that cater for communication impairment, differences in presentation, and overlapping features with co-occurring conditions. Here, we adopt a multi-method approach to identify fine-grained behavioural and physiological (via salivary cortisol) responses to anxiety presses in people with fragile X (FXS; n = 27; Mage = 20.11 years; range 6.32 - 47.04 years) and Cornelia de Lange syndromes (CdLS; n = 27; Mage = 18.42 years; range 4.28 - 41.08 years), two neurogenetic groups at high risk for anxiety, compared to neurotypical children (NT; n = 21; Mage = 5.97 years; range 4.34 - 7.30 years). Results indicate that physical avoidance of feared stimuli and proximity seeking to a familiar adult are prominent behavioural indicators of anxiety/stress in FXS and CdLS. Heightened pervasive physiological arousal was identified in these groups via salivary cortisol. An association between autistic characteristics and anxiety was evident in the FXS group but not in the CdLS group pointing to syndrome-specific nuances in the association between anxiety and autism. This study furthers understanding of the behavioural and physiological presentation of anxiety in individuals with intellectual disability and progresses theoretical developments regarding the development and maintenance of anxiety at the intersection of autism.

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Vue d’ensemble de la bibliographie citée

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Références citées
72
Avec un DOI
67
Sans DOI, à partir du texte brut de la bibliographie
5
0 / 72 (0,0 %) références citées comprennent au moins une personne identifiée comme autiste.
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1 / 72 (1,4 %)
Références avec noms d’auteurices détectés
71 / 72 (98,6 %)
Sans nom d’auteurice détecté
1
Sans titre structuré
1
Sans identifiant stable
5
Références avec noms bruts d’auteurices restant à vérifier
0
Références avec problème de récupération des métadonnées externes
0
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Noms d’auteurices détectés dans la bibliographie citée
365
À partir du DOI ou de métadonnées externes
365
À partir du texte brut validé de la bibliographie
0
Noms bruts déjà validés
0
Noms bruts restant à vérifier
0
103 / 365 (28,2 %) noms sont associés à un·e auteurice déjà présent·e dans AutiHub. 262 / 365 (71,8 %) noms ne sont pas encore associés.
Noms associés à une personne identifiée comme autiste
0 / 365 (0,0 %)
Calculé sur l’ensemble des noms d’auteurices détectés dans la bibliographie citée. Parmi les noms associés à un·e auteurice déjà présent·e dans AutiHub : 0 / 103 (0,0 %). Personnes distinctes identifiées comme autistes : 0 / 278 (0,0 %).
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