Comprendre l'anxiete chez les adolescents autistes : le role predictif des croyances et de la conscience interoceptives

Titre original en anglais : Understanding anxiety in autistic adolescents: The predictive role of interoceptive beliefs and insight

Cette publication est incluse dans le projet « Contributions académiques de personnes autistes sur l’autisme ». un auteur·ice de cette publication est identifié·e comme autiste dans le projet.

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Craik, L., Quadt, L., Garner, M., & Pfeifer, G. (2026). Understanding anxiety in autistic adolescents: The predictive role of interoceptive beliefs and insight. Research in Autism, 132, 202860. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.reia.2026.202860

Date de publication: 14/02/2026 Ajout dans AutiHub: 25/09/2026 Type: Article Langue de l’article: Anglais
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Auteurs

Auteur·ices des publications
4
Auteur·ices de la publication identifié·es comme autistes
1 / 4 (25,0 %)
  1. Lauren Craik
  2. Lisa Quadt *
  3. Matt Garner
  4. Gaby Pfeifer

Résumé

Il est bien etabli que l'anxiete et les differences sensorielles sont frequentes chez les adolescents autistes. L'interoception est de plus en plus etudiee en lien avec l'anxiete, l'alexithymie etant egalement prise en compte en raison de son role dans le traitement emotionnel et de sa prevalence plus elevee dans les populations autistes. Cette etude a examine les relations entre l'interoception, l'alexithymie et l'anxiete chez 37 adolescents autistes. Les participants ont rempli des questionnaires evaluant les traits autistiques, l'anxiete, l'alexithymie et les croyances interoceptives, ainsi que des taches d'interoception cardiaque mesurant l'exactitude et la conscience interoceptives. Des analyses de correlation, de regression et de mediation moderee ont ete menees. Les croyances interoceptives refletant la reactivite autonome (BPQ-ANSR) ont predit significativement l'anxiete et sont demeurees la seule variable interoceptive associee a l'anxiete dans les modeles de regression. La conscience interoceptive et l'exactitude du comptage des battements cardiaques etaient toutes deux associees a l'alexithymie, bien que l'alexithymie n'ait pas predit l'anxiete et n'ait pas medie la relation entre l'interoception et l'anxiete. Les analyses de mediation moderee ont montre que les traits autistiques amplifiaient l'effet direct des croyances interoceptives sur l'anxiete. Ces resultats soulignent l'importance de prendre en compte les croyances interoceptives subjectives, en particulier celles percues comme penibles, plutot que de se concentrer uniquement sur l'exactitude objective. Ils suggerent en outre que les discordances interoceptivo-affectives pourraient se manifester initialement sous forme d'alexithymie durant l'adolescence, servant potentiellement de precurseur a une anxiete ulterieure. Resume vulgarise Les adolescents autistes qui rapportaient une plus grande attention aux sensations provenant de leur systeme nerveux autonome (le systeme qui controle des processus corporels tels que la frequence cardiaque, la pression arterielle, la digestion et la respiration), mais non de leur corps en general, rapportaient egalement etre plus anxieux. Les autres facteurs explores, a savoir l'exactitude avec laquelle les participants detectaient leurs signaux corporels internes et la difficulte qu'ils rapportaient a identifier et a comprendre leurs emotions (alexithymie), n'etaient pas associes a l'anxiete. Toutefois, les adolescents qui detectaient plus exactement leurs battements cardiaques, ou qui etaient davantage conscients de leurs signaux corporels, tendaient a rapporter une plus grande difficulte a identifier et a decrire leurs emotions. Bien que l'alexithymie n'ait pas ete liee a l'anxiete dans ce groupe d'age, ces difficultes pourraient jouer un role dans le developpement emotionnel et contribuer a l'anxiete plus tard dans la vie. Nous avons egalement constate que les traits autistiques renforcaient le lien entre les sensations corporelles penibles et l'anxiete.

It is well-established that anxiety and sensory differences are common among autistic adolescents. Interoception has been increasingly studied in relation to anxiety, with alexithymia also considered due to its role in emotional processing and its higher prevalence in autistic populations. This study examined the relationships between interoception, alexithymia, and anxiety in 37 autistic adolescents. Participants completed questionnaires assessing autism traits, anxiety, alexithymia, and interoceptive beliefs, along with cardiac interoception tasks measuring interoceptive accuracy and insight. Correlation, regression, and moderated mediation analyses were conducted. Interoceptive beliefs reflecting autonomic reactivity (BPQ-ANSR) significantly predicted anxiety and remained the only interoceptive variable associated with anxiety in regression models. Interoceptive insight and heartbeat counting accuracy were both associated with alexithymia, although alexithymia did not predict anxiety and did not mediate the interoception–anxiety relationship. Moderated mediation analyses showed that autism traits amplified the direct effect of interoceptive beliefs on anxiety. These findings highlight the importance of considering subjective interoceptive beliefs, particularly those perceived as distressing, rather than focusing solely on objective accuracy. They further suggest that interoceptive-affective mismatches may initially manifest as alexithymia during adolescence, potentially serving as a precursor to later anxiety. Lay summary Autistic adolescents that reported greater attention to feelings from their autonomic nervous system (the system that controls processes in the body such as heart rate, blood pressure, digestion, and breathing), but not generally from their bodies, also reported being more anxious. The other factors explored, namely participants’ accuracy at detecting their internal bodily signals and their reported difficulty identifying and understanding their emotions (alexithymia), were not associated with anxiety. However, adolescents who were more accurate at detecting their heartbeats, or more aware of their bodily signals, tended to report greater difficulty identifying and describing their emotions. While alexithymia was not linked to anxiety in this age group, these difficulties may play a role in emotional development and could contribute to anxiety later in life. We also found that autistic traits strengthened the link between distressing bodily sensations and anxiety.

Bibliographie citée par cette référence

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Vue d’ensemble de la bibliographie citée

Ces indicateurs décrivent la bibliographie citée par cette publication. Un nom d’auteurice est compté chaque fois qu’il apparaît dans une référence citée : une même personne peut donc être comptée plusieurs fois. Les noms qui ne sont pas encore associés à un·e auteurice déjà présent·e dans AutiHub sont traités comme inconnus, pas comme non autistes. Dernier calcul : 02/10/2026 01:01.

Références citées
90
Avec un DOI
80
Sans DOI, à partir du texte brut de la bibliographie
10
1 / 90 (1,1 %) références citées comprennent au moins une personne identifiée comme autiste.
Références avec données à compléter
1 / 90 (1,1 %)
Références avec noms d’auteurices détectés
90 / 90 (100,0 %)
Sans nom d’auteurice détecté
0
Sans titre structuré
1
Sans identifiant stable
10
Références avec noms bruts d’auteurices restant à vérifier
0
Références avec problème de récupération des métadonnées externes
0
Ces indicateurs portent sur les références citées affichées sur cette page, après fusion des doublons techniques. Une référence sans DOI peut quand même soutenir les statistiques d’auteurices lorsqu’un titre et des noms d’auteurices sont disponibles.
Noms d’auteurices détectés dans la bibliographie citée
585
À partir du DOI ou de métadonnées externes
585
À partir du texte brut validé de la bibliographie
0
Noms bruts déjà validés
0
Noms bruts restant à vérifier
0
105 / 585 (17,9 %) noms sont associés à un·e auteurice déjà présent·e dans AutiHub. 480 / 585 (82,1 %) noms ne sont pas encore associés.
Noms associés à une personne identifiée comme autiste
2 / 585 (0,3 %)
Calculé sur l’ensemble des noms d’auteurices détectés dans la bibliographie citée. Parmi les noms associés à un·e auteurice déjà présent·e dans AutiHub : 2 / 105 (1,9 %). Personnes distinctes identifiées comme autistes : 2 / 534 (0,4 %).
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