Exploiter le potentiel des siestes habituelles pour modérer l’association entre les troubles du sommeil et les problèmes comportementaux chez les enfants autistes et au développement typique

Titre original en anglais : Unlocking the Potential of Habitual Napping to Moderate the Association Between Sleep Disturbances and Behavioral Problems Among Autistic and Typically Developing Children

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Zhong, Y. & Dimitriou, D. (2026). Unlocking the Potential of Habitual Napping to Moderate the Association Between Sleep Disturbances and Behavioral Problems Among Autistic and Typically Developing Children. Autism Research, 19(6), e70245-e70245. https://doi.org/10.1002/aur.70245

Date de publication: 03/04/2026 Ajout dans AutiHub: 24/09/2026 Type: Article Langue de l’article: Anglais
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  1. Yiqing Zhong *
  2. Dagmara Dimitriou

Résumé

RÉSUMÉ Les troubles du sommeil sont très fréquents chez les enfants autistes et étroitement liés aux difficultés comportementales, mais le rôle de la sieste dans cette relation demeure mal compris, en particulier dans les contextes culturels où les siestes sont habituelles. Cette étude pilote a examiné les associations entre le sommeil et le comportement ainsi que le rôle protecteur potentiel de la sieste chez 53 enfants d’âge scolaire en Chine (26 autistes, 27 neurotypiques, âgés de 6 à 12 ans). Le sommeil a été évalué à la fois objectivement (actigraphie sur 1 semaine et journaux de sommeil) et subjectivement (Children's Sleep Habits Questionnaire), et les résultats comportementaux ont été mesurés au moyen de la Child Behavior Checklist. Les enfants autistes présentaient significativement davantage de troubles du sommeil que leurs pairs neurotypiques, notamment une plus grande résistance au coucher, un délai d’endormissement plus long, des réveils nocturnes plus fréquents et une durée totale de sommeil plus courte. Les réveils nocturnes constituaient un corrélat clé des problèmes comportementaux dans les deux groupes. Il est important de noter que des durées de sieste plus longues étaient associées à des associations plus faibles entre les troubles du sommeil et les résultats comportementaux. Des analyses temporelles ont en outre indiqué qu’un sommeil nocturne plus court était associé à des siestes plus longues le lendemain, tandis que la durée de la sieste n’était pas significativement associée au sommeil nocturne du même jour. Ces résultats soulignent la pertinence potentielle des routines de sieste intégrées à la culture en relation avec les difficultés comportementales et pourraient éclairer des stratégies de soutien au sommeil sensibles au contexte dans les populations présentant des troubles du neurodéveloppement.

ABSTRACT Sleep disturbances are highly prevalent in autistic children and closely linked to behavioral difficulties, yet the role of napping in this relationship remains poorly understood, particularly in cultural contexts where naps are normative. This pilot study examined sleep–behavior associations and the potential protective role of napping in 53 school‐aged children in China (26 autistic, 27 neurotypical, aged 6–12). Sleep was assessed both objectively (1‐week actigraphy and sleep diaries) and subjectively (Children's Sleep Habits Questionnaire), and behavioral outcomes were measured via the Child Behavior Checklist. Autistic children showed significantly more sleep disturbances than neurotypical peers, including greater bedtime resistance, longer sleep onset delay, more frequent night waking, and shorter total sleep. Night waking was a key correlate of behavioral problems in both groups. Importantly, longer nap durations were associated with weaker associations between sleep disturbances and behavioral outcomes. Temporal analyses further indicated that shorter nocturnal sleep was associated with longer next‐day naps, while nap duration was not significantly associated with same‐day night sleep. These findings highlight the potential relevance of culturally embedded nap routines in relation to behavioral difficulties and may inform context‐sensitive sleep support strategies in neurodevelopmental populations.

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