Une histoire de la schizophrénie infantile et des leçons pour l'autisme

Titre original en anglais : A history of childhood schizophrenia and lessons for autism

Cette publication est incluse dans le projet « Contributions académiques de personnes autistes sur l’autisme ». un auteur·ice de cette publication est identifié·e comme autiste dans le projet.

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Fellowes, S. (2024). A history of childhood schizophrenia and lessons for autism. History and Philosophy of the Life Sciences, 46(3), 29-29. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40656-024-00627-5

Publication date: 12/08/2024 Ajout dans AutiHub: 14/09/2026 Type: Article Langue de l’article: Anglais
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Auteurs

Auteur·ices des publications
1
Auteur·ices de la publication identifié·es comme autistes
1 / 1 (100,0 %)
  1. Sam Fellowes *

Résumé

Résumé Le diagnostic de schizophrénie infantile a été largement utilisé aux États-Unis des années 1930 à la fin des années 1970. Dans cet article, je présenterai une histoire de ce diagnostic. Certaines des premières publications sur la schizophrénie infantile ont exposé l'idée selon laquelle la schizophrénie infantile comportait différents types. Je retracerai le développement de ces types, en décrivant les symptômes et les causes distincts associés à divers types. J'expose comment les différents types de schizophrénie infantile étaient distingués les uns des autres principalement selon l'âge d'apparition et le type de psychose dont on pensait qu'il était présent. Je présenterai comment divers psychiatres pour enfants considéraient les types de schizophrénie infantile proposés par d'autres psychiatres pour enfants. Je présenterai le processus d'abandon de la schizophrénie infantile. J'utilise mon histoire pour remettre en question ce que je considère comme des idées reçues sur la schizophrénie infantile. Je m'appuierai également sur mon histoire pour tirer des leçons concernant la réflexion sur les conceptions modernes de l'autisme. Elle met en évidence des problèmes potentiels liés à la formulation de diagnostics psychiatriques autour des causes, ainsi que la nécessité éventuelle de compromis pour prévenir ces problèmes. En outre, la schizophrénie infantile montre que les psychiatres pourraient formuler des sous-types qui ne sont pas fondés sur les niveaux de fonctionnement et que nous pouvons concevoir les sous-types comme dynamiques, de sorte qu'une personne puisse modifier au fil du temps le sous-type qu'elle présente.

Abstract The diagnosis of childhood schizophrenia was widely employed in the U.S. from the 1930s to the late 1970s. In this paper I will provide a history of the diagnosis. Some of the earliest publications on childhood schizophrenia outlined the notion that childhood schizophrenia had different types. I will outline the development of these types, outlining differing symptoms and causes associated with various types. I outline how different types of childhood schizophrenia were demarcated from one another primarily on age of onset and the type of psychosis which was believed to be present. I will outline how various child psychiatrists viewed the types of childhood schizophrenia posited by other child psychiatrists. I will outline the process of abandoning childhood schizophrenia. I use my history to challenge what I believe are misconceptions about childhood schizophrenia. Also, I will use my history to draw lessons for thinking about modern notions of autism. It shows potential problems around formulating psychiatric diagnoses around causes and how compromises might be needed to prevent those problems. Additionally, childhood schizophrenia shows that psychiatrists could formulate subtypes that are not based upon functioning levels and that we can conceive of subtypes as dynamic whereby someone can change which subtype they exhibit over time.

Bibliographie citée par cette référence

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Vue d’ensemble de la bibliographie citée

Ces indicateurs décrivent la bibliographie citée par cette publication. Un nom d’auteurice est compté chaque fois qu’il apparaît dans une référence citée : une même personne peut donc être comptée plusieurs fois. Les noms qui ne sont pas encore associés à un·e auteurice déjà présent·e dans AutiHub sont traités comme inconnus, pas comme non autistes. Dernier calcul : 19/09/2026 01:01.

Références citées
90
Avec un DOI
69
Sans DOI, à partir du texte brut de la bibliographie
17
4 / 90 (4,4 %) références citées comprennent au moins une personne identifiée comme autiste.
Références avec données à compléter
19 / 90 (21,1 %)
Références avec noms d’auteurices détectés
80 / 90 (88,9 %)
Sans nom d’auteurice détecté
10
Sans titre structuré
17
Sans identifiant stable
17
Références avec noms bruts d’auteurices restant à vérifier
8
Références avec problème de récupération des métadonnées externes
0
Ces indicateurs portent sur les références citées affichées sur cette page, après fusion des doublons techniques. Une référence sans DOI peut quand même soutenir les statistiques d’auteurices lorsqu’un titre et des noms d’auteurices sont disponibles.
Noms d’auteurices détectés dans la bibliographie citée
112
À partir du DOI ou de métadonnées externes
112
À partir du texte brut validé de la bibliographie
0
Noms bruts déjà validés
0
Noms bruts restant à vérifier
12
17 / 112 (15,2 %) noms sont associés à un·e auteurice déjà présent·e dans AutiHub. 95 / 112 (84,8 %) noms ne sont pas encore associés.
Noms associés à une personne identifiée comme autiste
4 / 112 (3,6 %)
Calculé sur l’ensemble des noms d’auteurices détectés dans la bibliographie citée. Parmi les noms associés à un·e auteurice déjà présent·e dans AutiHub : 4 / 17 (23,5 %). Personnes distinctes identifiées comme autistes : 1 / 87 (1,1 %).
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