Prédicteurs de la dépression et de l'anxiété chez les adultes autistes pratiquant l'automédication

Titre original en anglais : Predictors of Depression and Anxiety Among Self-Medicating Autistic Adults

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Papadopoulos, C., Adkin, T., Munday, K., & Gray-Hammond, D. (2025). Predictors of Depression and Anxiety Among Self-Medicating Autistic Adults. Neurodiversity, 3. https://doi.org/10.1177/27546330251344453

Date de publication: 01/05/2025 Ajout dans AutiHub: 22/08/2026 Type: Article Langue de l’article: Anglais
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Auteurs

Auteur·ices des publications
4
Auteur·ices de la publication identifié·es comme autistes
2 / 4 (50,0 %)
  1. Chris Papadopoulos
  2. Tanya Adkin
  3. Katie Munday *
  4. David Gray-Hammond *

Résumé

Contexte : Nous avons cherché à étudier la prévalence de l'automédication, les problèmes de santé mentale et leur relation chez les adultes autistes. Nous avons également cherché à identifier les principaux facteurs associés à l'anxiété et à la dépression dans cette population. Méthodes : Une enquête transversale en ligne par questionnaire a été menée auprès d'adultes autistes s'auto-identifiant comme tels ou ayant reçu un diagnostic formel, qui ont déclaré une consommation antérieure ou actuelle de substances. Des statistiques descriptives, des tests du chi carré et une régression logistique pas à pas descendante ont été appliqués. Résultats : Au total, 475 participants ont été recrutés. La prévalence de l'anxiété, de la dépression et des troubles des conduites alimentaires parmi les participants était respectivement de 87,37 %, 75,16 % et 51,16 %. Il est à noter que 80,42 % des participants se sont également identifiés comme présentant un trouble du déficit de l'attention avec ou sans hyperactivité (ADHD). Les substances les plus fréquemment déclarées pour l'automédication étaient l'alcool (92,84 %), le cannabis (82,32 %) et les stimulants (81,26 %), 77,69 % des participants déclarant une consommation quotidienne ou hebdomadaire. La régression logistique a révélé que l'anxiété, les dissociatifs et les sédatifs étaient significativement associés à la dépression, tandis que la dépression, l'ADHD et les troubles des conduites alimentaires étaient significativement associés à l'anxiété. Le fait de s'identifier comme femme était associé à une probabilité plus faible de dépression. Conclusion : Les adultes autistes qui pratiquent l'automédication présentent des taux élevés de problèmes de santé mentale et de consommation de substances. La relation complexe entre l'automédication, la santé mentale et les affections concomitantes souligne le besoin urgent de services de soutien adaptés. Afin de réduire l'automédication nocive, nous devons lutter contre la stigmatisation, promouvoir l'acceptation et améliorer l'accès à un soutien approprié en santé mentale pour les adultes autistes.

Background: We aimed to investigate self-medication prevalence, mental health problems, and their relationship among autistic adults. We also sought to identify key factors associated with anxiety and depression in this population. Methods: An online cross-sectional questionnaire survey was conducted with self-identifying or formally diagnosed autistic adults who reported prior or current substance use. Descriptive statistics, chi-square tests, and backward stepwise logistic regression were applied. Results: A total of 475 participants were recruited. The prevalence of anxiety, depression, and eating disorders among the participants was 87.37%, 75.16%, and 51.16%, respectively. Notably, 80.42% of participants also identified as Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). The most commonly reported substances for self-medication were alcohol (92.84%), cannabis (82.32%), and stimulants (81.26%), with 77.69% of participants reporting daily or weekly use. Logistic regression revealed that anxiety, dissociatives, and sedatives were significantly associated with depression, while depression, ADHD, and eating disorders were significantly associated with anxiety. Identifying as female was associated with lower odds of depression. Conclusion: Autistic adults who self-medicate show high rates of mental health problems and substance use. The complex relationship between self-medication, mental health, and co-occurring conditions underscores the urgent need for tailored support services. To reduce harmful self-medication, we must address stigma, promote acceptance, and improve access to appropriate mental health support for autistic adults.

Bibliographie citée par cette référence

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Vue d’ensemble de la bibliographie citée

Ces indicateurs décrivent la bibliographie citée par cette publication. Un nom d’auteurice est compté chaque fois qu’il apparaît dans une référence citée : une même personne peut donc être comptée plusieurs fois. Les noms qui ne sont pas encore associés à un·e auteurice déjà présent·e dans AutiHub sont traités comme inconnus, pas comme non autistes. Dernier calcul : 22/08/2026 23:48.

Références citées
65
Avec un DOI
56
Sans DOI, à partir du texte brut de la bibliographie
9
3 / 65 (4,6 %) références citées comprennent au moins une personne identifiée comme autiste.
Références avec données à compléter
7 / 65 (10,8 %)
Références avec noms d’auteurices détectés
60 / 65 (92,3 %)
Sans nom d’auteurice détecté
5
Sans titre structuré
7
Sans identifiant stable
8
Références avec noms bruts d’auteurices restant à vérifier
5
Références avec problème de récupération des métadonnées externes
1
Ces indicateurs portent sur les références citées affichées sur cette page, après fusion des doublons techniques. Une référence sans DOI peut quand même soutenir les statistiques d’auteurices lorsqu’un titre et des noms d’auteurices sont disponibles.
Noms d’auteurices détectés dans la bibliographie citée
299
À partir du DOI ou de métadonnées externes
299
À partir du texte brut validé de la bibliographie
0
Noms bruts déjà validés
0
Noms bruts restant à vérifier
6
80 / 299 (26,8 %) noms sont associés à un·e auteurice déjà présent·e dans AutiHub. 219 / 299 (73,2 %) noms ne sont pas encore associés.
Noms associés à une personne identifiée comme autiste
8 / 299 (2,7 %)
Calculé sur l’ensemble des noms d’auteurices détectés dans la bibliographie citée. Parmi les noms associés à un·e auteurice déjà présent·e dans AutiHub : 8 / 80 (10,0 %). Personnes distinctes identifiées comme autistes : 5 / 264 (1,9 %).
1 entrée de bibliographie citée n’a pas pu être entièrement enrichie à partir des métadonnées DOI.
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