L’effet du type de crime et des connaissances sur le trouble du spectre de l’autisme (TSA) sur le jugement des prévenus atteints de TSA

Titre original en anglais : The effect of crime type and knowledge about autism spectrum condition (ASC) on the judgement of defendants with ASC

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Weiher, L., Vermeulen, R., Wessels, H., & Watson, S. J. (2026). The effect of crime type and knowledge about autism spectrum condition (ASC) on the judgement of defendants with ASC. Psychology, Crime & Law, 1-31. https://doi.org/10.1080/1068316x.2026.2708706

Date de publication: 28/07/2026 Ajout dans AutiHub: 06/08/2026 Type: Article Langue de l’article: Anglais
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Auteurs

Auteur·ices des publications
4
Auteur·ices de la publication identifié·es comme autistes
1 / 4 (25,0 %)
  1. Lynn Weiher
  2. Rosa Vermeulen
  3. Hannah Wessels
  4. Steven James Watson *

Résumé

Les recherches sur la manière dont les personnes autistes sont condamnées sont ambivalentes : certaines études suggèrent un traitement plus sévère, tandis que d’autres proposent des peines plus clémentes. Toutefois, il n’est pas clair si la clémence des peines est causée par des perceptions positives des personnes autistes, ou parce que l’autisme constitue un facteur atténuant pertinent. Dans le cadre de deux études, nous avons examiné comment des jurés fictifs évaluaient des prévenus autistes dans des affaires pénales pertinentes ou non pertinentes pour l’autisme, afin de comprendre quand et pourquoi les prévenus autistes bénéficient de clémence. En outre, certains participants ont reçu des informations éducatives sur le TSA, leur permettant de reconnaître quand l’autisme est pertinent comme facteur d’atténuation dans des affaires pénales (agression et harcèlement, mais pas cambriolage). Les prévenus autistes n’ont reçu des peines moins sévères que lorsque l’autisme constituait un facteur atténuant pertinent (agression et harcèlement), mais non lorsque l’autisme n’était pas pertinent (cambriolage). Ainsi, les participants n’ont pas simplement accordé un traitement préférentiel aux prévenus autistes, mais ont pris en compte la manière dont le TSA était lié à l’infraction. Toutefois, la fourniture d’informations sur l’autisme a affaibli ces effets, ce qui indique que l’éducation sur l’autisme pourrait ne pas toujours bénéficier aux prévenus autistes. Notre étude met en évidence l’importance de messages nuancés : expliquer comment les traits autistiques peuvent présenter un risque pour certains comportements criminels peut atténuer les perceptions de responsabilité et favoriser un traitement plus équitable. Toutefois, associer l’autisme à la criminalité risque de renforcer les idées fausses concernant un danger accru ou le risque de récidive.

Research on how autistics are sentenced is ambivalent: some studies suggest harsher treatment, while others propose more lenient sentences. However, it is unclear whether lenient sentencing is caused by positive perceptions of autistic people, or because autism is a relevant mitigating factor. Across two studies, we tested how mock jurors evaluated autistic defendants in autism-relevant and autism-irrelevant criminal cases to understand when and why autistic defendants receive leniency. Further, some participants received educational information about ASC, allowing them to recognise when autism is relevant for mitigation in criminal cases (assault and stalking, but not burglary). Autistic defendants only received lower sentences when autism was a relevant mitigation (assault and stalking), but not when autism was irrelevant (burglary). Thus, participants did not simply give preferential treatment to autistic defendants, but considered how ASC was related to the offence. However, providing information about autism weakened these effects, indicating education about autism may not always benefit autistic defendants. Our study highlights the importance of nuanced messaging: Explaining how autistic traits may pose a risk for certain criminal behaviours can mitigate perceptions of responsibility and promote fairer treatment. However, linking autism to criminality risks reinforcing misconceptions of greater danger or reoffending risk.

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Ces indicateurs décrivent la bibliographie citée importée pour cette publication. Les métriques de références citées utilisent le total des références citées comme dénominateur. Les métriques d’auteurices cité·es indiquent si elles utilisent toutes les occurrences d’auteurices cité·es ou seulement les occurrences rattachées à des auteurices déjà intégré·es à la base de données AutiHub. Ils utilisent les rattachements mis en cache entre les auteurices cité·es et les auteurices intégré·es à la base de données AutiHub. Dernier calcul : 16/08/2026 11:31.

Références citées
105
Nombre total de références citées intégrées pour cette publication.
Références citées avec un·e auteur·ice identifié·e comme autiste
3 / 105 (2,9 %)
Occurrences d’auteur·ices cité·es identifié·es comme autistes
3 / 337 (0,9 %)
Parmi les occurrences rattachées à des auteurices intégré·es à la base de données AutiHub : 3 / 79 (3,8 %). Auteurices cité·es distinct·es identifié·es comme autistes : 3 / 311 (1,0 %).
Occurrences citées rattachées à la base AutiHub
79 / 337 (23,4 %)
Auteurices cité·es distinct·es rattaché·es : 65 / 311 (20,9 %)
Occurrences rattachées, non identifiées comme autistes
76 / 79 (96,2 %)
Parmi les seules occurrences rattachées. Sur l’ensemble des occurrences d’auteurices cité·es : 76 / 337 (22,6 %). Auteurices cité·es distinct·es rattaché·es, non identifié·es comme autistes : 62 / 65 (95,4 %).
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