Can the Five Factor Model of Personality Account for the Variability of Autism Symptom Expression? Multivariate Approaches to Behavioral Phenotyping in Adult Autism Spectrum Disorder

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Schwartzman, B., Wood, J., & Kapp, S. K. (2015). Can the Five Factor Model of Personality Account for the Variability of Autism Symptom Expression? Multivariate Approaches to Behavioral Phenotyping in Adult Autism Spectrum Disorder. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 46(1), 253-272. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10803-015-2571-x

Publication date: 29 Aug 2015 Added to AutiHub: 6 Jul 2026 Type: Article Article language: English
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Authors

Publication authors
3
Publication authors identified as autistic
1 / 3 (33.3%)
  1. Ben Schwartzman
  2. Jeffrey Wood
  3. Steven K. Kapp *

Abstract

The present study aimed to: determine the extent to which the five factor model of personality (FFM) accounts for variability in autism spectrum disorder (ASD) symptomatology in adults, examine differences in average FFM personality traits of adults with and without ASD and identify distinct behavioral phenotypes within ASD. Adults (N = 828; nASD = 364) completed an online survey with an autism trait questionnaire and an FFM personality questionnaire. FFM facets accounted for 70 % of variance in autism trait scores. Neuroticism positively correlated with autism symptom severity, while extraversion, openness to experience, agreeableness, and conscientiousness negatively correlated with autism symptom severity. Four FFM subtypes emerged within adults with ASD, with three subtypes characterized by high neuroticism and none characterized by lower-than-average neuroticism.

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Cited bibliography overview

These indicators describe the bibliography cited by this publication. An author name is counted each time it appears in one cited reference, so the same person can be counted more than once. Names not yet linked to an author already present in AutiHub are treated as unknown, not as non-autistic. Last computed: 2 Oct 2026 08:03.

Cited references
120
With a DOI
99
Without a DOI, from raw bibliography text
13
3 / 120 (2.5%) cited references include at least one author identified as autistic.
References with data to complete
14 / 120 (11.7%)
References with detected author names
113 / 120 (94.2%)
Without detected author names
7
Without a structured title
11
Without a stable identifier
12
References with raw author names still to review
3
References with external metadata lookup issues
0
These indicators apply to cited references displayed on this page, after technical duplicates have been merged. A reference without a DOI can still support author statistics when a title and author names are available.
Author names detected in the cited bibliography
450
From DOI or external metadata
450
From validated raw bibliography text
0
Raw names already validated
0
Raw names still to review
6
74 / 450 (16.4%) names are linked to an author already present in AutiHub. 376 / 450 (83.6%) names are not yet linked.
Names linked to a person identified as autistic
3 / 450 (0.7%)
Calculated across all author names detected in the cited bibliography. Among names linked to an author already present in AutiHub: 3 / 74 (4.1%). Distinct people identified as autistic: 3 / 406 (0.7%).
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