The neurodiversity paradigm and the fundamentals of nursing

This publication is included in the Autistic Autism Scholarship Project. one author of this publication is identified as autistic in the project.

About the autistic author marker

Metadata sources used for this reference

OpenAlex Crossref OpenCitations
Learn more about the sources used

Hedlund, Å. (2026). The neurodiversity paradigm and the fundamentals of nursing. British Journal of Nursing, 35(4), 200-204. https://doi.org/10.12968/bjon.2025.0076

Publication date: 18 Feb 2026 Added to AutiHub: 24 Sep 2026 Type: Article Article language: English
Publisher source (DOI) Full text OpenAlex source

This publication is integrated into AutiHub through:

Authors

Publication authors
1
Publication authors identified as autistic
1 / 1 (100.0%)
  1. Åsa Hedlund *

Abstract

In this article, the author argues that the neurodiversity paradigm must be integrated into nursing care. Neurodivergent groups, such as autistic and ADHD people (which this article focuses on), are prevalent worldwide, with diagnoses steadily increasing as societal awareness and understanding continue to grow. Neurodivergent patients may have needs that differ from the majority, making it essential for nurses to provide care that accommodates these differences. To achieve this, the neurodiversity paradigm must first be integrated into the theoretical foundation of nursing. This article offers a new perspective on the human being in nursing and emphasises its importance for clinical practice.

Bibliography cited by this reference

Cited references are imported from external metadata sources when they are available. The list may be partial.

Cited bibliography overview

These indicators describe the bibliography cited by this publication. An author name is counted each time it appears in one cited reference, so the same person can be counted more than once. Names not yet linked to an author already present in AutiHub are treated as unknown, not as non-autistic. Last computed: 2 Oct 2026 11:55.

Cited references
28
With a DOI
18
Without a DOI, from raw bibliography text
10
7 / 28 (25.0%) cited references include at least one author identified as autistic.
References with data to complete
6 / 28 (21.4%)
References with detected author names
22 / 28 (78.6%)
Without detected author names
6
Without a structured title
6
Without a stable identifier
10
References with raw author names still to review
6
References with external metadata lookup issues
0
These indicators apply to cited references displayed on this page, after technical duplicates have been merged. A reference without a DOI can still support author statistics when a title and author names are available.
Author names detected in the cited bibliography
101
From DOI or external metadata
101
From validated raw bibliography text
0
Raw names already validated
0
Raw names still to review
6
28 / 101 (27.7%) names are linked to an author already present in AutiHub. 73 / 101 (72.3%) names are not yet linked.
Names linked to a person identified as autistic
11 / 101 (10.9%)
Calculated across all author names detected in the cited bibliography. Among names linked to an author already present in AutiHub: 11 / 28 (39.3%). Distinct people identified as autistic: 10 / 99 (10.1%).
  1. S. Hegde , S.L. Rao , A. Raguram , B.N. Gangadhar (2013). Cognitive Remediation of Neurocognitive Deficits in Schizophrenia . In Neuropsychological Rehabilitation (pp. 123-153). Elsevier.
    Type: Book chapter DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-416046-0.00007-9 OpenAlex: https://openalex.org/W131150559
    Crossref OpenAlex OpenCitations
  2. Abdelnour E (2022). ADHD diagnostic trends: increased recognition or overdiagnosis? Mo Med, 119(5), 467.
    Type: Other
    Crossref
  4. Regina Taurines , Christina Schwenck , Eva Westerwald , Michael Sachse , Michael Siniatchkin , Christine Freitag (2012). ADHD and autism: differential diagnosis or overlapping traits? A selective review . ADHD Attention Deficit and Hyperactivity Disorders, 4(3), 115-139. Springer Science and Business Media LLC.
    Type: Article DOI: 10.1007/s12402-012-0086-2 OpenAlex: https://openalex.org/W1997676278
    Crossref OpenAlex OpenCitations
  5. (n.d.). ADDA (Attention Deficit Disorder Association). ADHD stimming: why it happens and how to cope. 26 April 2023. https://add.org/stimming-adhd/ (accessed 26 January 2026)
    Type: Other
    Crossref
  6. Tatja Hirvikoski , Ellenor Mittendorfer-Rutz , Marcus Boman , Henrik Larsson , Paul Lichtenstein , Sven Bölte (2016). Premature mortality in autism spectrum disorder . British Journal of Psychiatry, 208(3), 232-238. Royal College of Psychiatrists.
    Type: Article DOI: 10.1192/bjp.bp.114.160192 OpenAlex: https://openalex.org/W2168424072
    Crossref OpenAlex OpenCitations
  7. Alligood RA (2021). Nursing theorists and their work . Mosby.
    Type: Other
    Crossref
  8. Dorinde M van Andel , Jan J Sprengers , Marsh Königs , Maretha Jonge , Hilgo Bruining (2024). Effects of Bumetanide on Neurocognitive Functioning in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder: Secondary Analysis of a Randomized Placebo-Controlled Trial . Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 54(3), 894-904. Springer Science and Business Media LLC.
    Type: Article DOI: 10.1007/s10803-022-05841-3 OpenAlex: https://openalex.org/W4315435538
    Crossref OpenAlex OpenCitations
  9. Blandine French , K. Sayal , D. Daley (2019). Barriers and facilitators to understanding of ADHD in primary care: a mixed-method systematic review . European Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, 28(8), 1037-1064. Springer Science and Business Media LLC.
    Type: Article DOI: 10.1007/s00787-018-1256-3 OpenAlex: https://openalex.org/W2904967073
    Crossref OpenAlex OpenCitations
  10. (n.d.). American Psychiatric Association. What is autism spectrum disorder? 2024. https://www.psychiatry.org/patients-families/autism/what-is-autism-spectrum-disorder (accessed 26 January 2026)
    Type: Other
    Crossref
  13. (n.d.). American Psychiatric Association. What is ADHD? 2025. https://www.psychiatry.org/patients-families/adhd/what-is-adhd (accessed 26 January 2026)
    Type: Other
    Crossref
  14. Matthew J. Maenner , Zachary Warren , Ashley Robinson Williams , Esther Amoakohene , Amanda V. Bakian , Deborah A. Bilder et al. (2023). Prevalence and Characteristics of Autism Spectrum Disorder Among Children Aged 8 Years — Autism and Developmental Disabilities Monitoring Network, 11 Sites, United States, 2020 . MMWR. Surveillance Summaries, 72(2), 1-14. Centers for Disease Control MMWR Office.
    Type: Article DOI: 10.15585/mmwr.ss7202a1 OpenAlex: https://openalex.org/W4360600181
    Crossref OpenAlex OpenCitations
  15. Mika Fukada (2018). Nursing Competency: Definition, Structure and Development . Yonago Acta Medica, 61(1), 001-007. Tottori University Faculty of Medicine.
    Type: Article DOI: 10.33160/yam.2018.03.001 OpenAlex: https://openalex.org/W2921999718
    Crossref OpenAlex OpenCitations
  16. Emma Craddock (2024). Raising the voices of AuDHD women and girls: exploring the co-occurring conditions of autism and ADHD . Disability & Society, 39(8), 2161-2165. Informa UK Limited.
    Type: Article DOI: 10.1080/09687599.2023.2299342 OpenAlex: https://openalex.org/W4390675231
    Crossref OpenAlex OpenCitations
  18. Fawcett J (2012). Contemporary Nursing Knowledge: Analysis and evaluation of nursing models and theories . F.A. Davis Company.
    Type: Other
    Crossref
  19. Dinah Murray * (2020). Monotropism: An Interest-Based Account of Autism . In Encyclopedia of Autism Spectrum Disorders (pp. 1-3). Springer New York.
    Type: Book chapter DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4614-6435-8_102269-2 OpenAlex: https://openalex.org/W3081707475
    Crossref OpenAlex OpenCitations
  22. Kim M. Kiely (2014). Cognitive Function . In Encyclopedia of Quality of Life and Well-Being Research (pp. 974-978). Springer Netherlands.
    Type: Book chapter DOI: 10.1007/978-94-007-0753-5_426 OpenAlex: https://openalex.org/W4246757039
    Crossref OpenAlex OpenCitations
  23. Antti Mustonen , Anni-Emilia Alakokkare , James G Scott , Anu-Helmi Halt , Miika Vuori , Tuula Hurtig et al. (2023). Association of ADHD symptoms in adolescence and mortality in Northern Finland Birth Cohort 1986 . Nordic Journal of Psychiatry, 77(2), 165-171. Informa UK Limited.
    Type: Article DOI: 10.1080/08039488.2022.2073389 OpenAlex: https://openalex.org/W4280593397
    Crossref OpenAlex OpenCitations
  24. Kaitlyn McKenna , Sithara Wanni Arachchige Dona , Lisa Gold , Angela Dew , Ha N. D. Le (2024). Barriers and Enablers of Service Access and Utilization for Children and Adolescents With Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder: A Systematic Review . Journal of Attention Disorders, 28(3), 259-278. SAGE Publications.
    Type: Article DOI: 10.1177/10870547231214002 OpenAlex: https://openalex.org/W4389622709
    Crossref OpenAlex OpenCitations
  25. Meleis AI (2017). Theoretical Nursing: Development and progress . Lippincott Williams and Wilkins.
    Type: Other
    Crossref
  26. (n.d.). Milton D. The double empathy problem. National Autistic Society 2 March 2018. https://www.autism.org.uk/advice-and-guidance/professional-practice/double-empathy (accessed 21 January 2026)
    Type: Other
    Crossref
  27. (n.d.). Sanborne E. What is bottom-up thinking in autism? Autistic PhD 7 August 2023. https://autisticphd.com/theblog/what-is-bottom-up-thinking-in-autism/ (accessed 26 January 2026)
    Type: Other
    Crossref
  28. (n.d.). Walker N. Neurodiversity: some basic terms & definitions. 2026. https://neuroqueer.com/neurodiversity-terms-and-definitions/ (accessed 21 January 2026)
    Type: Other
    Crossref