Organizational benefits of neurodiversity: Preliminary findings on autism and the bystander effect

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Hartman, L. M., Farahani, M., Moore, A., Rabbani, A., & Hartman, B. L. (2023). Organizational benefits of neurodiversity: Preliminary findings on autism and the bystander effect. Autism Research, 16(10), 1989-2001. https://doi.org/10.1002/aur.3012

Publication date: 24 Aug 2023 Added to AutiHub: 16 Sep 2026 Type: Article Article language: English
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Authors

Publication authors
5
Publication authors identified as autistic
1 / 5 (20.0%)
  1. Lorne M. Hartman
  2. Mehrdad Farahani
  3. Alexander Moore
  4. Ateeya Rabbani
  5. Braxton L. Hartman *

Abstract

Abstract Although the bystander effect is one of the most important findings in the psychological literature, researchers have not explored whether autistic individuals are prone to the bystander effect. The present research examines whether autistic employees are more likely to report issues or concerns in an organization's systems and practices that are inefficient or dysfunctional. By bringing attention to these issues, autistic employees may foster opportunities to improve organizational performance, leading to the development of a more adaptive, high performing, and ethical culture. Thirty‐three autistic employees and 34 nonautistic employees completed an online survey to determine whether employees on the autism spectrum (1) are more likely to report they would voice concerns about organizational dysfunctions, (2) are less likely to report they were influenced by the number of other witnesses to the dysfunction, (3) if they do not voice concerns, are more likely to acknowledge the influence of other people on the decision, (4) are less likely to formulate “elaborate rationales” for their decisions to intervene or not, and (5) whether any differences between autistic and nonautistic employees with regards to the first two hypotheses, intervention likelihood and degree of influence, are moderated by individual differences in camouflaging. Results indicate that autistic employees may be less susceptible to the bystander effect than nonautistic employees. As a result, autistic employees may contribute to improvements in organizational performance because they are more likely to identify and report inefficient processes and dysfunctional practices when they witness them. These preliminary findings suggesting potential benefits of neurodiversity in the workplace are promising. However, further research is required.

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Cited references
92
With a DOI
85
Without a DOI, from raw bibliography text
7
1 / 92 (1.1%) cited references include at least one author identified as autistic.
References with data to complete
1 / 92 (1.1%)
References with detected author names
91 / 92 (98.9%)
Without detected author names
1
Without a structured title
0
Without a stable identifier
5
References with raw author names still to review
0
References with external metadata lookup issues
1
These indicators apply to cited references displayed on this page, after technical duplicates have been merged. A reference without a DOI can still support author statistics when a title and author names are available.
Author names detected in the cited bibliography
553
From DOI or external metadata
553
From validated raw bibliography text
0
Raw names already validated
0
Raw names still to review
0
110 / 553 (19.9%) names are linked to an author already present in AutiHub. 443 / 553 (80.1%) names are not yet linked.
Names linked to a person identified as autistic
1 / 553 (0.2%)
Calculated across all author names detected in the cited bibliography. Among names linked to an author already present in AutiHub: 1 / 110 (0.9%). Distinct people identified as autistic: 1 / 418 (0.2%).
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