Inclusion, Exclusion and Isolation of Autistic People: Community Attitudes and Autistic People’s Experiences

This publication is included in the Autistic Autism Scholarship Project. one author of this publication is identified as autistic in the project.

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Jones, S. C., Gordon, C. S., Akram, M., Murphy, N., & Sharkie, F. (2021). Inclusion, Exclusion and Isolation of Autistic People: Community Attitudes and Autistic People’s Experiences. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 52(3), 1131-1142. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10803-021-04998-7

Publication date: 21 Apr 2021 Added to AutiHub: 6 Jul 2026 Type: Article Article language: English
Publisher source (DOI) OpenAlex source

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Authors

Publication authors
5
Publication authors identified as autistic
1 / 5 (20.0%)
  1. Sandra C. Jones *
  2. Chloe S. Gordon
  3. Muhammad Akram
  4. Nicole Murphy
  5. Fiona Sharkie

Abstract

There is limited research examining the inclusion of autistic people in their local communities. This paper reports on two Australian studies which explored this gap, focusing on both autistic people's experiences and non-autistic people's attitudes towards autistic individuals. Study One was conducted with primarily non-autistic people (n = 2,383), and Study Two with primarily parents and carers of autistic people (n = 1,297 people). The majority of non-autistic adults perceived discrimination against autistic people in the community; consistent with the experiences of autistic people and their carers. Of particular concern was more negative attitudes towards, and experiences of, autistic adults. There is an urgent need to improve society's acceptance and inclusion of autistic people of all ages.

Bibliography cited by this reference

Cited references are imported from external metadata sources when they are available. The list may be partial.

Cited bibliography overview

These indicators describe the bibliography cited by this publication. An author name is counted each time it appears in one cited reference, so the same person can be counted more than once. Names not yet linked to an author already present in AutiHub are treated as unknown, not as non-autistic. Last computed: 2 Oct 2026 14:03.

Cited references
40
With a DOI
34
Without a DOI, from raw bibliography text
6
1 / 40 (2.5%) cited references include at least one author identified as autistic.
References with data to complete
5 / 40 (12.5%)
References with detected author names
35 / 40 (87.5%)
Without detected author names
5
Without a structured title
5
Without a stable identifier
6
References with raw author names still to review
5
References with external metadata lookup issues
0
These indicators apply to cited references displayed on this page, after technical duplicates have been merged. A reference without a DOI can still support author statistics when a title and author names are available.
Author names detected in the cited bibliography
118
From DOI or external metadata
118
From validated raw bibliography text
0
Raw names already validated
0
Raw names still to review
5
44 / 118 (37.3%) names are linked to an author already present in AutiHub. 74 / 118 (62.7%) names are not yet linked.
Names linked to a person identified as autistic
1 / 118 (0.8%)
Calculated across all author names detected in the cited bibliography. Among names linked to an author already present in AutiHub: 1 / 44 (2.3%). Distinct people identified as autistic: 1 / 114 (0.9%).
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