Évaluation de l'application mobile Stress Autism Mate (SAM) chez des adultes atteints de TDAH : une étude pilote à méthodes mixtes (prépublication)

Titre original en anglais : Evaluating the Mobile Stress Autism Mate (SAM) Application in Adults with ADHD: A Mixed-Methods Pilot Study (Preprint)

van Asselt, A., Huiskes, A., Ras, Y., Reekers, D., & Roke, Y. (2026). Evaluating the Mobile Stress Autism Mate (SAM) Application in Adults with ADHD: A Mixed-Methods Pilot Study (Preprint) [Preprint]. JMIR Publications Inc. https://doi.org/10.2196/preprints.94907

Date de publication: 19/04/2026 Ajout dans AutiHub: 06/08/2026 Type: Prépublication Langue de l’article: Anglais

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Auteurs

Auteur·ices des publications
5
Auteur·ices de la publication identifié·es comme autistes
1 / 5 (20,0 %)

Résumé

CONTEXTE Les adultes atteints de trouble déficitaire de l'attention avec hyperactivité (TDAH) présentent souvent des niveaux de stress élevés et une qualité de vie (QdV) réduite, ce qui peut être en partie lié à des difficultés telles que l'alexithymie et la dysphorie sensible au rejet (DSR). Stress Autism Mate (SAM), une application mobile gratuite autoguidée initialement cocréée pour des adultes autistes, pourrait soutenir la gestion du stress. L'application vise à réduire le stress quotidien en favorisant la reconnaissance du stress et les stratégies d'adaptation au moyen de questionnaires quotidiens sur le stress, de contenu psychoéducatif, de conseils de réduction du stress, de récits de pairs, de podcasts et d'exercices intégrés à l'application. OBJECTIF Cette étude pilote à méthodes mixtes a exploré la faisabilité, l'utilisabilité et les résultats préliminaires de l'application SAM chez des adultes atteints de TDAH. MÉTHODES Une étude quantitative fondée sur les principes du plan expérimental à cas unique (SCED) a été complétée par des entretiens qualitatifs semi-structurés. Des données de questionnaires ont été recueillies auprès de 22 adultes atteints de TDAH (77,3 % de femmes ; Mage = 34,3 ans) à quatre moments espacés de quatre semaines : référence, prétest, post-test et suivi. Des modèles linéaires à effets mixtes ont été utilisés pour évaluer les changements du stress perçu, de la QdV, de l'auto-efficacité en matière d'adaptation, de la reconnaissance du stress, de l'alexithymie et de la DSR. Les données qualitatives ont été analysées au moyen d'une analyse thématique déductive guidée par le User Experience Technology Acceptance Model (UX-TAM). RÉSULTATS Au post-test, des augmentations significatives ont été observées pour la reconnaissance du stress (d = 0,80) et l'auto-efficacité en matière d'adaptation (d = 0,34). Au suivi, seul l'effet sur la reconnaissance du stress demeurait (d = 0,82), tandis que des améliorations différées sont apparues pour la QdV (d = 0,38), l'alexithymie (d = –0,49) et la DSR (d = –1,27). Le stress perçu n'a changé à aucun des deux moments. Les participants ont signalé une adhésion élevée et une facilité d'utilisation de l'application, mais ont décrit des difficultés à traduire une sensibilisation accrue au stress en comportements d'adaptation adaptatifs. La plupart ont exprimé le besoin de fonctionnalités plus stimulantes, motivantes et personnalisées afin de faciliter l'adaptation et de maintenir l'engagement. CONCLUSIONS L'application SAM semble faisable et utilisable pour les adultes atteints de TDAH, montrant des améliorations robustes de la reconnaissance du stress et des bénéfices potentiels pour le bien-être au fil du temps. Toutefois, l'application semble actuellement insuffisante pour soutenir la mise en œuvre de stratégies d'adaptation efficaces. Les différences par rapport aux essais antérieurs de SAM chez des adultes autistes pourraient refléter des difficultés distinctes de fonctionnement exécutif. De futures adaptations intégrant un soutien plus personnalisé, fourni juste à temps (p. ex., fondé sur l'IA), et davantage de caractéristiques de conception axées sur l'engagement (p. ex., la ludification) pourraient améliorer l'efficacité dans cette population.

BACKGROUND Adults with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) often experience elevated stress levels and reduced quality of life (QoL), which can be partly linked to challenges such as alexithymia and rejection sensitivity dysphoria (RSD). Stress Autism Mate (SAM), a free self-guided mobile app originally co-created for autistic adults, may support stress management. The app aims to reduce daily stress by promoting stress recognition and coping through daily stress questionnaires, psychoeducational content, stress reduction tips, peer stories, podcasts, and in-app exercises. OBJECTIVE This mixed-methods pilot study explored the feasibility, usability, and preliminary outcomes of the SAM app in adults with ADHD. METHODS A quantitative study informed by single-case experimental design (SCED) principles was complemented by semi-structured qualitative interviews. Questionnaire data were collected from 22 adults with ADHD (77.3% female; Mage = 34.3 years) at four time points spaced four weeks apart: baseline, pretest, posttest, and follow-up. Linear mixed-effects models were used to evaluate changes in perceived stress, QoL, coping self-efficacy, stress recognition, alexithymia, and RSD. Qualitative data were analyzed using deductive thematic analysis guided by the User Experience Technology Acceptance Model (UX-TAM). RESULTS At posttest, significant increases were observed in stress recognition (d = 0.80) and coping self-efficacy (d = 0.34). At follow-up, only the effect on stress recognition remained (d = 0.82), while delayed improvements emerged in QoL (d = 0.38), alexithymia (d = –0.49), and RSD (d = –1.27). Perceived stress did not change at either time point. Participants reported high adherence and ease of use of the app but described difficulties translating increased stress awareness into adaptive coping behaviors. Most expressed a need for more stimulating, motivating, and personalized features to facilitate coping and sustain engagement. CONCLUSIONS The SAM app appears feasible and usable for adults with ADHD, showing robust improvements in stress recognition and potential benefits for wellbeing over time. However, the app currently seems insufficient to support the implementation of effective coping strategies. Differences from previous SAM trials in autistic adults may reflect distinct executive functioning challenges. Future adaptations incorporating more personalized, just-in-time support (e.g., AI-driven) and more engagement-focused design features (e.g., gamification) may enhance effectiveness in this population.

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Références citées
109
Nombre total de références citées intégrées pour cette publication.
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Parmi les seules occurrences rattachées. Sur l’ensemble des occurrences d’auteurices cité·es : 23 / 485 (4,7 %). Auteurices cité·es distinct·es rattaché·es, non identifié·es comme autistes : 15 / 17 (88,2 %).
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