Questionnaires used in complex trauma intervention evaluations and consideration of their utility for autistic adults with mild intellectual disability: A systematic review

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Wigham, S., McKinnon, I., Reid, K., Milton, D., Lingam, R., & Rodgers, J. (2021). Questionnaires used in complex trauma intervention evaluations and consideration of their utility for autistic adults with mild intellectual disability: A systematic review. Research in Developmental Disabilities, 117, 104039. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ridd.2021.104039

Publication date: 24 Jul 2021 Added to AutiHub: 6 Jul 2026 Type: Article Article language: English
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Authors

Publication authors
6
Publication authors identified as autistic
1 / 6 (16.7%)
  1. Sarah Wigham
  2. Iain McKinnon
  3. Keith Reid
  1. Damian Milton *
  2. Ravi Lingam
  3. Jacqui Rodgers

Abstract

INTRODUCTION: Research suggests some trauma symptoms e.g. avoidance are difficult to recognise in autistic people with intellectual disability while arousal/emotional and interpersonal difficulties may be useful signals. This review aims to (i) identify questionnaires used in general population complex trauma interventions to measure emotional and interpersonal difficulty and (ii) evaluate their psychometric properties to inform selection of a potential measure/s for use and/or adaptation for autistic people with mild intellectual disability and trauma related mental health conditions. METHODS: Stage 1: we searched Medline, Cinahl, Embase and PsycInfo for general population and clinical complex trauma intervention studies. Stage 2: we used a search filter in Embase to identify psychometric evaluations of relevant questionnaires used in Stage 1 studies and assessed these with the COnsensus based Standards for the selection of health based Measurement Instruments (COSMIN) checklist. RESULTS: five studies were identified in Stage 1 utilising three measures of emotion dysregulation and interpersonal difficulties. Thirty-three articles on their psychometric properties were identified in Stage 2. Strongest psychometric evidence was found for the Emotion Regulation Questionnaire (ERQ) and Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale (DERS). CONCLUSIONS: Evaluating content validity/acceptability of the ERQ and DERS for autistic people with mild intellectual disability and trauma-related mental health conditions are useful next steps.

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Cited references
72
Total cited references integrated for this publication.
Cited references with an identified autistic author
3 / 72 (4.2%)
Cited author occurrences identified as autistic
3 / 302 (1.0%)
Among occurrences linked to AutiHub author records: 3 / 25 (12.0%). Distinct cited authors identified as autistic: 2 / 277 (0.7%).
Cited author occurrences linked to AutiHub author records
25 / 302 (8.3%)
Distinct linked cited authors: 22 / 277 (7.9%)
Linked cited-author occurrences not identified as autistic
22 / 25 (88.0%)
Among linked cited-author occurrences only. Across all cited-author occurrences: 22 / 302 (7.3%). Distinct linked cited authors not identified as autistic: 20 / 22 (90.9%).
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