Investigating the perception of face identity in adults on the autism spectrum using behavioural and electrophysiological measures

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Dwyer, P., Xu, B., & Tanaka, J. W. (2018). Investigating the perception of face identity in adults on the autism spectrum using behavioural and electrophysiological measures. Vision Research, 157, 132-141. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.visres.2018.02.013

Journal or book title
Vision Research
Publisher
Elsevier BV
Volume
157
Pages
132-141
Publication date: 26 Jul 2018 Added to AutiHub: 5 Jul 2026 Type: Article Article language: English
Publisher source (DOI) OpenAlex source

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Authors

Publication authors
3
Publication authors identified as autistic
1 / 3 (33.3%)
  1. Patrick Dwyer *
  2. Buyun Xu
  3. James W. Tanaka

Abstract

In the present study, we investigated face processing in individuals with self-reported Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD, n = 16) and typically developing control participants (n = 16) using behavioural and electrophysiological measures. As a measure of their face memory, we administered the Cambridge Face Memory Test to participants in the ASD group. The results showed that the scores of the ASD participants were reliably below the age- and gender-matched norms of neurotypical individuals. To measure brain responses to faces, we used the fast periodic visual stimulation method, presenting photographs of a same-identity face (i.e., base face) at a constant frequency of 6 Hz (F) interleaved with different-identity faces (i.e., the oddball faces) presented at 1.2 Hz. The 6 Hz presentation of the base face and 1.2 Hz presentation of the oddball face elicited periodic brain responses corresponding to face detection and face individuation processes, respectively. Participants viewed four blocks of upright faces and four blocks of inverted faces. The results showed an enhanced EEG response to upright base faces at 6 Hz frequency and its harmonics compared to inverted faces, and the response was most focal over medial occipital channels. An enhanced response was found to upright oddball faces at 1.2 Hz and its harmonics compared to the inverted faces, and the response was centred over occipito-temporal channels in the right hemisphere. Critically, no differences or interactions were found between the ASD and typically developing groups in the responses to either the 6 Hz base faces or the 1.2 oddball faces. These results suggest that in individuals with ASD, the earlier stage of face perception, as measured by the fast periodic visual stimulation paradigm, can be dissociated from the later memory stage of face processing, as assessed by the Cambridge Face Memory Test.

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Cited references
86
With a DOI
79
Without a DOI, from raw bibliography text
5
2 / 86 (2.3%) cited references include at least one author identified as autistic.
References with data to complete
1 / 86 (1.2%)
References with detected author names
85 / 86 (98.8%)
Without detected author names
1
Without a structured title
1
Without a stable identifier
5
References with raw author names still to review
1
References with external metadata lookup issues
0
These indicators apply to cited references displayed on this page, after technical duplicates have been merged. A reference without a DOI can still support author statistics when a title and author names are available.
Author names detected in the cited bibliography
334
From DOI or external metadata
334
From validated raw bibliography text
0
Raw names already validated
0
Raw names still to review
1
58 / 334 (17.4%) names are linked to an author already present in AutiHub. 276 / 334 (82.6%) names are not yet linked.
Names linked to a person identified as autistic
2 / 334 (0.6%)
Calculated across all author names detected in the cited bibliography. Among names linked to an author already present in AutiHub: 2 / 58 (3.4%). Distinct people identified as autistic: 2 / 272 (0.7%).
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