The Autistic Experience of Exercising within Nature-Based Environments: An Interpretive Phenomenological Analysis

This publication is included in the Autistic Autism Scholarship Project. one author of this publication is identified as autistic in the project.

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Bishop, C. S., Beale, J. T., & Bruce-Low, S. (2023). The Autistic Experience of Exercising within Nature-Based Environments: An Interpretive Phenomenological Analysis. Physical Activity and Health, 7(1), 115-131. https://doi.org/10.5334/paah.243

Publication date: 1 Jan 2023 Added to AutiHub: 29 Oct 2026 Type: Article Article language: English
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Authors

Publication authors
3
Publication authors identified as autistic
1 / 3 (33.3%)
  1. Connor S. Bishop *
  2. James T. Beale
  3. Stewart Bruce-Low

Abstract

Background: The psychological impact of exercising in nature has gained considerable research attention in recent years under the heading green exercise (GE). Literature has examined specific benefits of GE, comparison between indoor and outdoor environments and has utilised different theories to understand these benefits and differences. To date no academic literature has examined the impact of GE on autistic people with a diagnoses of Aspergers Syndrome (AS) (a former term to refer to autism without an accompanying intellectual disability), and a condition characterised by hypersensitive and hyposensitive senses, intuitively it has been suggested that the natural environment might not be a compatible setting for autistic people due to its unpredictable and sensory provoking conditions. Method: A group of four autistic males were interviewed using a semi structured interview schedule. Interviews were transcribed and then analysed using interpretive phenomenological analysis (IPA). Results/Discussion: Three superordinate themes were identified, positive introductions to nature (this group discussed how important having a good start in this environment was to engaging in this activity), positive association with nature (the participants viewed natural environments where they exercised in a positive way), and purpose and practicalities (participants spoke of viewing GE favourably when there was a purpose to it above and beyond doing it for its own sake) with 5 associated subordinate themes. Results suggest that autistic people appear to get considerable positive psychological outcomes from engaging within GE which relate directly to some of the features of AS e.g. disruptive concerns and that a functional purpose to the GE would be helpful in terms of encouraging uptake of and adherence to GE within an autistic group.

Bibliography cited by this reference

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Cited bibliography overview

These indicators describe the bibliography cited by this publication. An author name is counted each time it appears in one cited reference, so the same person can be counted more than once. Names not yet linked to an author already present in AutiHub are treated as unknown, not as non-autistic. Last computed: 29 Oct 2026 19:17.

Cited references
99
With a DOI
70
Without a DOI, from raw bibliography text
3
4 / 99 (4.0%) cited references include at least one author identified as autistic.
References with data to complete
27 / 99 (27.3%)
References with detected author names
73 / 99 (73.7%)
Without detected author names
26
Without a structured title
7
Without a stable identifier
28
References with raw author names still to review
3
References with external metadata lookup issues
0
These indicators apply to cited references displayed on this page, after technical duplicates have been merged. A reference without a DOI can still support author statistics when a title and author names are available.
Author names detected in the cited bibliography
303
From DOI or external metadata
303
From validated raw bibliography text
0
Raw names already validated
0
Raw names still to review
4
41 / 303 (13.5%) names are linked to an author already present in AutiHub. 262 / 303 (86.5%) names are not yet linked.
Names linked to a person identified as autistic
7 / 303 (2.3%)
Calculated across all author names detected in the cited bibliography. Among names linked to an author already present in AutiHub: 7 / 41 (17.1%). Distinct people identified as autistic: 6 / 287 (2.1%).
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