Dosage in Applied Behavior Analysis: Effect on Adaptive Behavior, Goal Attainment, and Dangerous Behavior

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Samelson, D., Pfingston, B., & Sneed, L. (2026). Dosage in Applied Behavior Analysis: Effect on Adaptive Behavior, Goal Attainment, and Dangerous Behavior. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10803-025-07203-1

Journal or book title
Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders
Publisher
Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Publication date: 9 Jan 2026 Added to AutiHub: 25 Sep 2026 Type: Article Article language: English
Publisher source (DOI) Full text OpenAlex source

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Authors

Publication authors
3
Publication authors identified as autistic
1 / 3 (33.3%)
  1. Doreen Samelson
  2. Ben Pfingston *
  3. Lindsey Sneed

Abstract

Abstract Purpose Applied behavioral analysis is the most common intervention for autistic children. It has long been proposed that more hours per week in ABA produce better outcomes. ABA practice guidelines typically recommend 30–40 h per week for young autistic children. While some studies support a dosage effect, other studies find no predictive relationship between ABA treatment hours and a range of child outcomes. Thus, the dosage question remains open, leaving parents and providers unsure of the ideal dosage of ABA for an autistic child to make meaningful progress. Real world data (RWD) can fill the gap between community treatment and controlled research often conducted by universities. Methods In this study, we examined the RWD data from 725 autistic children receiving ABA as part of community-based care. Using longitudinal multilevel modeling, we examined the relationship between average hours of ABA per month and change on proximal and distal measures: adaptive behavior, goal attainment, and dangerous behavior. Results Dosage was a significant predictor of goal attainment, indicating that clients who spent more time in treatment met more goals. Conversely, the relationship was negative for adaptive behavior and communication, such that higher hours predicted slower progress in these domains. Finally, dangerous behavior decreased over time and was independent of hours. Secondary analyses demonstrated that communication abilities at baseline predicted treatment outcomes above and beyond dosage, except for dangerous behavior. Conclusion While more research is needed, this study suggests that practice guidelines should temper language around dosage and ABA.

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Cited bibliography overview

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Cited references
53
With a DOI
47
Without a DOI, from raw bibliography text
6
2 / 53 (3.8%) cited references include at least one author identified as autistic.
References with data to complete
6 / 53 (11.3%)
References with detected author names
47 / 53 (88.7%)
Without detected author names
6
Without a structured title
6
Without a stable identifier
6
References with raw author names still to review
6
References with external metadata lookup issues
0
These indicators apply to cited references displayed on this page, after technical duplicates have been merged. A reference without a DOI can still support author statistics when a title and author names are available.
Author names detected in the cited bibliography
331
From DOI or external metadata
331
From validated raw bibliography text
0
Raw names already validated
0
Raw names still to review
9
84 / 331 (25.4%) names are linked to an author already present in AutiHub. 247 / 331 (74.6%) names are not yet linked.
Names linked to a person identified as autistic
3 / 331 (0.9%)
Calculated across all author names detected in the cited bibliography. Among names linked to an author already present in AutiHub: 3 / 84 (3.6%). Distinct people identified as autistic: 3 / 314 (1.0%).
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