Exploratory Study of rTMS Neuromodulation Effects on Electrocortical Functional Measures of Performance in an Oddball Test and Behavioral Symptoms in Autism

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Sokhadze, E. M., Lamina, E., Casanova, M., Kelly, D., Opris, I., Tasman, A., & Casanova, M. F. (2018). Exploratory Study of rTMS Neuromodulation Effects on Electrocortical Functional Measures of Performance in an Oddball Test and Behavioral Symptoms in Autism. Frontiers in Systems Neuroscience, 12, 20-20. https://doi.org/10.3389/fnsys.2018.00020

Publication date: 28 May 2018 Added to AutiHub: 14 Sep 2026 Type: Article Article language: English
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Authors

Publication authors
7
Publication authors identified as autistic
1 / 7 (14.3%)
  1. Estate M Sokhadze
  2. Eva Lamina
  3. Manuel Casanova *
  4. Desmond Kelly
  1. Ioan Opris
  2. Allan Tasman
  3. Manuel F. Casanova

Abstract

There is no accepted pathology to autism spectrum disorders (ASD) but research suggests the presence of an altered excitatory/inhibitory (E/I) bias in the cerebral cortex. Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) offers a non-invasive means of modulating the E/I cortical bias with little in terms of side effects. In this study, 124 high functioning ASD children (IQ > 80, <18 years of age) were recruited and assigned using randomization to either a waitlist group or one of three different number of weekly rTMS sessions (i.e., 6, 12, and 18). TMS consisted of trains of 1.0 Hz frequency pulses applied over the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC). The experimental task was a visual oddball with illusory Kanizsa figures. Behavioral response variables included reaction time and error rate along with such neurophysiological indices such as stimulus and response-locked event-related potentials (ERP). One hundred and twelve patients completed the assigned number of TMS sessions. Results showed significant changes from baseline to posttest period in the following measures: motor responses accuracy [lower percentage of committed errors, slower latency of commission errors and restored normative post-error reaction time slowing in both early and later-stage ERP indices, enhanced magnitude of error-related negativity (ERN), improved error monitoring and post-error correction functions]. In addition, screening surveys showed significant reductions in aberrant behavior ratings and in both repetitive and stereotypic behaviors. These differences increased with the total number of treatment sessions. Our results suggest that rTMS, particularly after 18 sessions, facilitates cognitive control, attention and target stimuli recognition by improving discrimination between task-relevant and task-irrelevant illusory figures in an oddball test. The noted improvement in executive functions of behavioral performance monitoring further suggests that TMS has the potential to target core features of ASD.

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Cited references
122
With a DOI
111
Without a DOI, from raw bibliography text
11
0 / 122 (0.0%) cited references include at least one author identified as autistic.
References with data to complete
5 / 122 (4.1%)
References with detected author names
121 / 122 (99.2%)
Without detected author names
1
Without a structured title
5
Without a stable identifier
11
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0
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Author names detected in the cited bibliography
451
From DOI or external metadata
451
From validated raw bibliography text
0
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0
Raw names still to review
0
98 / 451 (21.7%) names are linked to an author already present in AutiHub. 353 / 451 (78.3%) names are not yet linked.
Names linked to a person identified as autistic
0 / 451 (0.0%)
Calculated across all author names detected in the cited bibliography. Among names linked to an author already present in AutiHub: 0 / 98 (0.0%). Distinct people identified as autistic: 0 / 313 (0.0%).
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