Addressing autistic unemployment through autistic owned and led social enterprise

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Zivkovic, S. (2024). Addressing autistic unemployment through autistic owned and led social enterprise. Social Enterprise Journal, 20(5), 766-784. https://doi.org/10.1108/sej-01-2024-0011

Publication date: 3 Jul 2024 Added to AutiHub: 6 Aug 2026 Type: Article Article language: English
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Authors

Publication authors
1
Publication authors identified as autistic
1 / 1 (100.0%)
  1. Sharon Zivkovic *

Abstract

Purpose To address the high level of autistic unemployment it has been recommended that autistic individuals be supported to own and lead social enterprises. This paper aims to discuss what is required to create an enabling environment for autistic social entrepreneurship. Design/methodology/approach By referring to the autism, entrepreneurship and complexity theory literature, it is argued in this conceptual article that to create the required enabling environment for autistic social entrepreneurship, business advisors need to adopt a business development approach that aligns with autistic ways of thinking. It is also agrued that a place-based autistic social enterprise support ecosystem based on a landscape of practice approach is required to bring together diverse support individuals and organisations who have different approaches to practice. Examples including personal reflections are used to support these claims. Findings Challenges and barriers to creating the required enabling environment are identified. Two theories of change, one focused on creating integrated service delivery and one focused on enabling the landscape of practice to transition to a more effective state, are proposed for addressing the identified challenges and barriers. Originality/value To the best of the author’s knowledge, for the first time this article identifies what is required to address the challenges and barriers in creating an enabling environment for autistic social entrepreneurship. Without addressing these challenges and barriers there is a risk that nascent autistic social entrepreneurs will be set up for failure.

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Bibliography inclusion overview

These indicators describe the cited bibliography imported for this publication. Cited-reference metrics use the cited-reference total as denominator. Cited-author metrics state whether they use all cited-author occurrences or only occurrences linked to authors already integrated in the AutiHub database. They use cached links between cited authors and authors integrated in the AutiHub database. Last computed: 16 Aug 2026 11:31.

Cited references
92
Total cited references integrated for this publication.
Cited references with an identified autistic author
7 / 92 (7.6%)
Cited author occurrences identified as autistic
14 / 83 (16.9%)
Among occurrences linked to AutiHub author records: 14 / 28 (50.0%). Distinct cited authors identified as autistic: 12 / 81 (14.8%).
Cited author occurrences linked to AutiHub author records
28 / 83 (33.7%)
Distinct linked cited authors: 26 / 81 (32.1%)
Linked cited-author occurrences not identified as autistic
14 / 28 (50.0%)
Among linked cited-author occurrences only. Across all cited-author occurrences: 14 / 83 (16.9%). Distinct linked cited authors not identified as autistic: 14 / 26 (53.8%).
3 cited bibliography entries could not be fully enriched from DOI metadata.
Crossref: not found (2) · DataCite: not found (1)
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