Communication améliorée et alternative pour les adultes autistes parlants : aperçu et recommandations
Titre original en anglais : Augmentative and Alternative Communication for Speaking Autistic Adults: Overview and Recommendations
Zisk, A. H. & Dalton, E. (2019). Augmentative and Alternative Communication for Speaking Autistic Adults: Overview and Recommendations. Autism in Adulthood, 1(2), 93-100. https://doi.org/10.1089/aut.2018.0007
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Auteurs
Résumé
Ces dernières années, les technologies utilisées pour la communication améliorée et alternative (CAA) ont connu un développement et une disponibilité croissants. Par conséquent, un nombre croissant de personnes autistes utilisent la CAA. Avec l'utilisation accrue de la CAA par les personnes autistes, la recherche sur l'autisme et la CAA a également augmenté. Cependant, la grande majorité de ces recherches se concentre sur les enfants autistes non parlants. L'utilisation de la CAA par les adultes autistes et par les personnes autistes parlantes a reçu une attention académique limitée. Les adultes autistes parlants utilisent souvent la CAA et beaucoup ont partagé publiquement des informations sur leurs stratégies et leurs expériences. Dans cet article, nous présentons un aperçu des différences de parole que les adultes autistes choisissent de soutenir au moyen de la CAA, y compris des difficultés variables de parole selon l'environnement et le contenu. Nous discutons également des technologies et des stratégies adoptées par les adultes autistes, y compris des outils gratuits ou peu coûteux qui ne sont pas spécifiques à la CAA, des technologies mobiles et des langues signées ou des gestes. Nous examinons les obstacles à l'utilisation de la CAA, y compris le manque de connaissance des options pertinentes, les idées fausses concernant les personnes auxquelles la CAA est destinée, et le coût des applications ou dispositifs de CAA dédiés. Nous formulons ensuite des suggestions à l'intention des adultes autistes, des personnes qui les soutiennent et des chercheurs. Dans l'ensemble, la communication, plutôt que la parole, devrait être priorisée. Les technologies de communication grand public peuvent soutenir la communication des adultes autistes, et divers outils peuvent soutenir la communication dans différents contextes. Des recherches supplémentaires sur l'utilisation et l'efficacité de la CAA pour les adultes autistes sont nécessaires, de même que des recherches sur les obstacles à l'utilisation de la CAA. Résumé vulgarisé : Quelles stratégies de communication les adultes autistes considèrent-ils comme efficaces ? Quelles stratégies de CAA sont utilisées, dans quels environnements et par qui ? Qu'est-ce qui empêche une utilisation efficace de la CAA ? Comment les spécialistes de la CAA et les adultes autistes peuvent-ils collaborer au mieux afin de promouvoir et d'évaluer l'utilisation de la CAA ? Comment les soutiens à la communication peuvent-ils être conçus pour mieux répondre aux besoins des adultes autistes ?
Bibliographie citée par cette référence
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