Ringing Decay of Gamma Oscillations and Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation Therapy in Autism Spectrum Disorder

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Casanova, M. F., Shaban, M., Ghazal, M., El-baz, A., Casanova, M., & Sokhadze, E. M. (2021). Ringing Decay of Gamma Oscillations and Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation Therapy in Autism Spectrum Disorder. Applied Psychophysiology and Biofeedback, 46(2), 161-173. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10484-021-09509-z

Publication date: 20 Apr 2021 Added to AutiHub: 14 Sep 2026 Type: Article Article language: English
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Authors

Publication authors
6
Publication authors identified as autistic
1 / 6 (16.7%)
  1. Manuel F. Casanova
  2. Mohamed Shaban
  3. Mohammed Ghazal
  1. Ayman El-baz
  2. Manuel Casanova *
  3. Estate M Sokhadze

Abstract

Research suggest that in autism spectrum disorder (ASD) a disturbance in the coordinated interactions of neurons within local networks gives rise to abnormal patterns of brainwave activity in the gamma bandwidth. Low frequency transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) over the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) has been proven to normalize gamma oscillation abnormalities, executive functions, and repetitive behaviors in high functioning ASD individuals. In this study, gamma frequency oscillations in response to a visual classification task (Kanizsa figures) were analyzed and compared in 19 ASD (ADI-R diagnosed, 14.2 ± 3.61 years old, 5 girls) and 19 (14.8 ± 3.67 years old, 5 girls) age/gender matched neurotypical individuals. The ASD group was treated with low frequency TMS (1.0 Hz, 90% motor threshold, 18 weekly sessions) targeting the DLPFC. In autistic subjects, as compared to neurotypicals, significant differences in event-related gamma oscillations were evident in amplitude (higher) pre-TMS. In addition, recordings after TMS treatment in our autistic subjects revealed a significant reduction in the time period to reach peak amplitude and an increase in the decay phase (settling time). The use of a novel metric for gamma oscillations. i.e., envelope analysis, and measurements of its ringing decay allowed us to characterize the impedance of the originating neuronal circuit. The ringing decay or dampening of gamma oscillations is dependent on the inhibitory tone generated by networks of interneurons. The results suggest that the ringing decay of gamma oscillations may provide a biomarker reflective of the excitatory/inhibitory balance of the cortex and a putative outcome measure for interventions in autism.

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Cited references
111
With a DOI
96
Without a DOI, from raw bibliography text
14
0 / 111 (0.0%) cited references include at least one author identified as autistic.
References with data to complete
6 / 111 (5.4%)
References with detected author names
106 / 111 (95.5%)
Without detected author names
5
Without a structured title
4
Without a stable identifier
13
References with raw author names still to review
4
References with external metadata lookup issues
0
These indicators apply to cited references displayed on this page, after technical duplicates have been merged. A reference without a DOI can still support author statistics when a title and author names are available.
Author names detected in the cited bibliography
430
From DOI or external metadata
430
From validated raw bibliography text
0
Raw names already validated
0
Raw names still to review
11
57 / 430 (13.3%) names are linked to an author already present in AutiHub. 373 / 430 (86.7%) names are not yet linked.
Names linked to a person identified as autistic
0 / 430 (0.0%)
Calculated across all author names detected in the cited bibliography. Among names linked to an author already present in AutiHub: 0 / 57 (0.0%). Distinct people identified as autistic: 0 / 357 (0.0%).
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