Child and caregiver predictors of primary caregiver participation in families of school‐aged Autistic children

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Davy, G., Barbaro, J., Unwin, K., Clark, M. L. E., Jellett, R., Date, P., Muniandy, M., & Dissanayake, C. (2024). Child and caregiver predictors of primary caregiver participation in families of school‐aged Autistic children. Autism Research, 17(7), 1475-1486. https://doi.org/10.1002/aur.3166

Publication date: 23 May 2024 Added to AutiHub: 7 Sep 2026 Type: Article Article language: English
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Authors

Publication authors
8
Publication authors identified as autistic
1 / 8 (12.5%)
  1. Gemma Davy
  2. Josephine Barbaro *
  3. Katy Unwin
  4. Megan L. E. Clark
  1. Rachel Jellett
  2. Perrin Date
  3. Melanie Muniandy
  4. Cheryl Dissanayake

Abstract

Abstract Engaging in meaningful activities (e.g., leisure, spiritual, fitness) significantly affects caregivers' quality of life (QoL), yet the determinants of participation in caregivers of Autistic children remain largely unknown. The current study examined child and caregiver correlates of primary caregiver participation in meaningful activities. One hundred and six primary caregivers of Autistic children (7–12 years) were recruited from three unique cohorts of Autistic children in this cross‐sectional study. Primary caregivers completed online questionnaires measuring occupational gaps (i.e., desired activities caregivers are not participating in), QoL, parenting stress, perceived family outcomes, and social support. In addition to undertaking direct assessments of children's cognition and language, primary caregivers also reported on their child's adaptive behavior, social–emotional skills, and participation. Caregivers reporting fewer occupational gaps (i.e., ≤2 desired activities) were more likely to have Autistic children with no co‐occurring conditions, who were older, and with better adaptive behaviors, social–emotional skills, and more frequent home and school participation, compared to caregivers reporting many gaps (i.e., ≥3 desired activities). Caregivers with fewer occupational gaps also reported improved QoL, parenting stress, social support, perceived community inclusiveness, and family outcomes. Logistic regression analysis identified child age, child adaptive behavior, social–emotional skills, home participation, and the caregivers' perceived family outcomes and QoL as important predictors of their occupational gaps. The findings demonstrate that caregiver participation in desired activities was associated with increased functional ability and independence of the child, as well as their perceived capacity to meet their child's needs. Supporting parents' sense of efficacy in meeting their children's needs and building their skills and knowledge will serve to improve both caregiver and child outcomes.

Bibliography cited by this reference

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Cited bibliography overview

These indicators describe the bibliography cited by this publication. An author name is counted each time it appears in one cited reference, so the same person can be counted more than once. Names not yet linked to an author already present in AutiHub are treated as unknown, not as non-autistic. Last computed: 12 Sep 2026 01:04.

Cited references
75
With a DOI
61
Without a DOI, from raw bibliography text
11
4 / 75 (5.3%) cited references include at least one author identified as autistic.
References with data to complete
2 / 75 (2.7%)
References with detected author names
73 / 75 (97.3%)
Without detected author names
2
Without a structured title
2
Without a stable identifier
10
References with raw author names still to review
0
References with external metadata lookup issues
1
These indicators apply to cited references displayed on this page, after technical duplicates have been merged. A reference without a DOI can still support author statistics when a title and author names are available.
Author names detected in the cited bibliography
229
From DOI or external metadata
229
From validated raw bibliography text
0
Raw names already validated
0
Raw names still to review
0
46 / 229 (20.1%) names are linked to an author already present in AutiHub. 183 / 229 (79.9%) names are not yet linked.
Names linked to a person identified as autistic
4 / 229 (1.7%)
Calculated across all author names detected in the cited bibliography. Among names linked to an author already present in AutiHub: 4 / 46 (8.7%). Distinct people identified as autistic: 1 / 203 (0.5%).
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