Equity: What Model Should We Use When We Talk About Autism?

This publication is included in the Autistic Autism Scholarship Project. one author of this publication is identified as autistic in the project.

About the autistic author marker

Kintzinger, R. (2021). Equity: What Model Should We Use When We Talk About Autism? Canadian Journal of Autism Equity, 1(1), 32-39. https://doi.org/10.15173/cjae.v1i1.4982

Journal or book title
Canadian Journal of Autism Equity
Publisher
McMaster University Library
Volume
1
Issue
1
Pages
32-39
Publication date: 8 Nov 2021 Added to AutiHub: 12 Aug 2026 Type: Article Article language: English

This publication is integrated into AutiHub through:

Authors

Publication authors
1
Publication authors identified as autistic
1 / 1 (100.0%)

Abstract

In the Canadian disability rights movement, with regards to autism specifically, there has been a shift towards recognizing what is called a social model of disability. Through this movement, there has been a desire to incorporate that model into practice in governments, institutions, and healthcare. This desire also stems from advocate-centric and first-voice communities, where disabilities like autism are not viewed through a deficit-based lens. This article aims to discuss the often polarizing social and medical models of disability, comparing their uses in the disability world while weighing their respective benefits. Finally, an alternative model of disability that intersects these models is discussed as an alternative. This model is called the International Classification of Functioning, which recognizes three levels that impair a disabled person: the body, the person, and the environment. It is from this focus that policy can be developed to answer the calls of the pan-disability movement; to provide equitable changes across services and domains that are rightly deserved for Autistic and disabled people.

Bibliography cited by this reference

Cited references are imported from external metadata sources when they are available. The list may be partial.

Cited bibliography overview

These indicators describe the bibliography cited by this publication. An author name is counted each time it appears in one cited reference, so the same person can be counted more than once. Names not yet linked to an author already present in AutiHub are treated as unknown, not as non-autistic. Last computed: 3 Oct 2026 01:01.

Cited references
11
With a DOI
9
Without a DOI, from raw bibliography text
0
2 / 11 (18.2%) cited references include at least one author identified as autistic.
References with data to complete
0 / 11 (0.0%)
References with detected author names
11 / 11 (100.0%)
Without detected author names
0
Without a structured title
0
Without a stable identifier
0
References with raw author names still to review
0
References with external metadata lookup issues
0
These indicators apply to cited references displayed on this page, after technical duplicates have been merged. A reference without a DOI can still support author statistics when a title and author names are available.
Author names detected in the cited bibliography
37
From DOI or external metadata
37
From validated raw bibliography text
0
Raw names already validated
0
Raw names still to review
0
11 / 37 (29.7%) names are linked to an author already present in AutiHub. 26 / 37 (70.3%) names are not yet linked.
Names linked to a person identified as autistic
3 / 37 (8.1%)
Calculated across all author names detected in the cited bibliography. Among names linked to an author already present in AutiHub: 3 / 11 (27.3%). Distinct people identified as autistic: 3 / 36 (8.3%).
  1. Mike Oliver (2013). The social model of disability: thirty years on . Disability & Society, 28(7), 1024-1026. Informa UK Limited.
    OpenAlex
  2. Jennifer S. Singh (2016). Parenting work and autism trajectories of care . Sociology of Health & Illness, 38(7), 1106-1120. Wiley.
    OpenAlex
  3. Maria Berghs , Karl Atkin , Hilary Graham , Chris Hatton , Carol Thomas (2016). Implications for public health research of models and theories of disability: a scoping study and evidence synthesis . Public Health Research, 4(8), 1-166. National Institute for Health and Care Research.
    Type: Article DOI: 10.3310/phr04080 OpenAlex: https://openalex.org/W2491876752
    OpenAlex
  4. Eric Shyman (2016). The Reinforcement of Ableism: Normality, the Medical Model of Disability, and Humanism in Applied Behavior Analysis and ASD . Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities, 54(5), 366-376. Informa UK Limited.
    OpenAlex
  5. Annuska Zolyomi , Andrew Begel , Jennifer Frances Waldern , John Tang , Michael Barnett , Edward Cutrell et al. (2019). Managing Stress . Proceedings of the ACM on Human-Computer Interaction, 3(CSCW), 1-29. Association for Computing Machinery (ACM).
    Type: Article DOI: 10.1145/3359236 OpenAlex: https://openalex.org/W2970436446
    OpenAlex
  6. Steven K. Kapp *Autistic author. Learn more… (2019). How social deficit models exacerbate the medical model: Autism as case in point . Autism Policy Practice, 2(1), 3.
    Type: Article OpenAlex: https://openalex.org/W2989969085
    OpenAlex
  7. Simon Bury , Rachel Jellett , Jennifer R. Spoor , Darren Hedley (2023). “It Defines Who I Am” or “It’s Something I Have”: What Language Do [Autistic] Australian Adults [on the Autism Spectrum] Prefer? Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 53(2), 677-687. Springer Science and Business Media LLC.
    OpenAlex
  8. Anna Lawson , Angharad E. Beckett (2021). The social and human rights models of disability: towards a complementarity thesis . The International Journal of Human Rights, 25(2), 348-379. Informa UK Limited.
    OpenAlex
  9. Melissa Anderson-Chavarria (2022). The autism predicament: models of autism and their impact on autistic identity . Disability & Society, 37(8), 1321-1341. Informa UK Limited.
    OpenAlex
  10. Annuska Zolyomi , Andrew Begel , Jennifer Frances Waldern , John C. Tang , Mike Barnett , Ed Cutrell et al. (2019). Managing stress: The needs of autistic adults in video calling . Proceedings of the ACM on Human-Computer Interaction, 3(CSCW), 1.
    Type: Article OpenAlex: https://openalex.org/W3195084526
    OpenAlex