Regard prédictif lors de l'observation d'actions irrationnelles chez des adultes présentant des troubles du spectre de l'autisme

Titre original en anglais : Predictive Gaze During Observation of Irrational Actions in Adults with Autism Spectrum Conditions

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Marsh, L., Pearson, A., Ropar, D., & Hamilton, A. F. d. C. (2014). Predictive Gaze During Observation of Irrational Actions in Adults with Autism Spectrum Conditions. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 45(1), 245-261. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10803-014-2215-6

Date de publication: 25/08/2014 Ajout dans AutiHub: 06/07/2026 Type: Article Langue de l’article: Anglais
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Auteurs

Auteur·ices des publications
4
Auteur·ices de la publication identifié·es comme autistes
1 / 4 (25,0 %)
  1. Lauren Marsh
  2. Amy Pearson *
  3. Danielle Ropar
  4. Antonia F. de C. Hamilton

Résumé

Comprendre des actions irrationnelles peut nécessiter que l'observateur fasse des inférences sur les états mentaux concernant la raison pour laquelle une action a été réalisée. Les individus présentant des troubles du spectre de l'autisme (TSA) ont des difficultés bien documentées en matière de mentalisation ; toutefois, le degré auquel la compréhension de la rationalité est altérée dans l'autisme n'est pas encore clair. La présente étude utilise l'oculométrie pour mesurer la compréhension en ligne de la rationalité des actions chez des individus présentant des TSA. Vingt adultes présentant des TSA et 20 témoins au développement typique, appariés selon l'âge et le QI, ont regardé des films d'actions rationnelles et irrationnelles pendant que leurs mouvements oculaires étaient enregistrés. Des mesures du temps de regard, du parcours de balayage et de la latence des saccades ont été calculées. Les résultats des analyses du temps de regard et du parcours de balayage montrent que les participants présentant des TSA accordent une attention visuelle réduite aux caractéristiques saillantes de l'action, telles que le but de l'action et la main réalisant l'action, indépendamment de la rationalité de l'action. Toutefois, lorsque les participants présentant des TSA prêtent attention à ces caractéristiques, ils sont capables d'effectuer des saccades anticipatrices vers le but aussi rapidement que les témoins au développement typique. Pris ensemble, ces résultats indiquent que les individus autistes accordent une attention réduite aux actions observées, mais que, lorsque l'attention est maintenue, la prédiction du but est typique. Nous concluons que les mécanismes fondamentaux de compréhension des actions sont intacts chez les individus présentant des TSA, bien qu'il puisse y avoir une altération de la modulation sociale descendante des mouvements oculaires.

Understanding irrational actions may require the observer to make mental state inferences about why an action was performed. Individuals with autism spectrum conditions (ASC) have well documented difficulties with mentalizing; however, the degree to which rationality understanding is impaired in autism is not yet clear. The present study uses eye-tracking to measure online understanding of action rationality in individuals with ASC. Twenty adults with ASC and 20 typically developing controls, matched for age and IQ watched movies of rational and irrational actions while their eye movements were recorded. Measures of looking time, scan path and saccade latency were calculated. Results from looking time and scan path analyses demonstrate that participants with ASC have reduced visual attention to salient action features such as the action goal and the hand performing the action, regardless of action rationality. However, when participants with ASC do attend to these features, they are able to make anticipatory goal saccades as quickly as typically developing controls. Taken together these results indicate that individuals with autism have reduced attention to observed actions, but when attention is maintained, goal prediction is typical. We conclude that the basic mechanisms of action understanding are intact in individuals with ASC although there may be impairment in the top-down, social modulation of eye movements.

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Ces indicateurs décrivent la bibliographie citée importée pour cette publication. Les métriques de références citées utilisent le total des références citées comme dénominateur. Les métriques d’auteurices cité·es indiquent si elles utilisent toutes les occurrences d’auteurices cité·es ou seulement les occurrences rattachées à des auteurices déjà intégré·es à la base de données AutiHub. Ils utilisent les rattachements mis en cache entre les auteurices cité·es et les auteurices intégré·es à la base de données AutiHub. Dernier calcul : 16/08/2026 11:31.

Références citées
57
Nombre total de références citées intégrées pour cette publication.
Références citées avec un·e auteur·ice identifié·e comme autiste
0 / 57 (0,0 %)
Occurrences d’auteur·ices cité·es identifié·es comme autistes
0 / 197 (0,0 %)
Parmi les occurrences rattachées à des auteurices intégré·es à la base de données AutiHub : 0 / 33 (0,0 %). Auteurices cité·es distinct·es identifié·es comme autistes : 0 / 155 (0,0 %).
Occurrences citées rattachées à la base AutiHub
33 / 197 (16,8 %)
Auteurices cité·es distinct·es rattaché·es : 21 / 155 (13,5 %)
Occurrences rattachées, non identifiées comme autistes
33 / 33 (100,0 %)
Parmi les seules occurrences rattachées. Sur l’ensemble des occurrences d’auteurices cité·es : 33 / 197 (16,8 %). Auteurices cité·es distinct·es rattaché·es, non identifié·es comme autistes : 21 / 21 (100,0 %).
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