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Mehmet Akif Coskun, Katherine A. Loveland, Deborah A. Pearson, Andrew C. Papanicolaou, Bhavin R. Sheth (2013). Functional Assays of Local Connectivity in the Somatosensory Cortex of Individuals with Autism. Autism Research, 6(3), 190-200. Wiley.

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Michael A. Grubb, Marlene Behrmann, Ryan Egan, Nancy J. Minshew, Marisa Carrasco, David J. Heeger (2013). Endogenous Spatial Attention: Evidence for Intact Functioning in Adults With Autism. Autism Research, 6(2), 108-118. Wiley.

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DOI work Fetched Post crossref

Mehmet Akif Coskun, Katherine A. Loveland, Deborah A. Pearson, Andrew C. Papanicolaou, Bhavin R. Sheth (2013). Functional Assays of Local Connectivity in the Somatosensory Cortex of Individuals with Autism. Autism Research, 6(3), 190-200. Wiley.

Publication date
20 Feb 2013
Identifier
10.1002/aur.1276
Authors
Mehmet Akif Coskun, Katherine A. Loveland, Deborah A. Pearson, Andrew C. Papanicolaou, Bhavin R. Sheth
Source
Autism Research
Details
6(3), 190-200
Reference type
article
Publisher
Wiley
Metadata source
crossref

Abstract

Emerging evidence for differences between individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD ) and neurotypical (NT ) individuals in somatic processing and brain response to touch suggests somatosensory cortex as a promising substrate for elucidating differences in functional brain connectivity between individuals with and without autism. Signals from adjacent digits project to neighboring locations or representations in somatosensory cortex. When a digit is stimulated, i.e. touched, its representation in cortex is directly activated; local intracortical connections indirectly activate nonprimary cortical representations corresponding to adjacent digits. The response of the nonprimary cortical representations is thus a proxy for connection strength. Local overconnectivity in autism implies that the nonprimary/primary response ratios of the ASD group will be higher than those of the NT group. D 1 and D 2 of the dominant hand of the participant were individually stimulated while we recorded neural responses using magnetoencephalography. The cortical representations of D 1 and D 2 (somatosensory‐evoked fields) were computed from the ensemble‐averaged data using (a) dipole model fits and (b) singular value decomposition. Individual adjacent/primary response ratios were measured, and group response ratio data were fitted with straight lines. Local overconnectivity in autism implies steeper ASD vs. NT group slopes. Our findings did not support local overconnectivity. Slopes were found to be significantly shallower for the ASD group than the NT group. Our findings support the idea of local underconnectivity in the somatosensory cortex of the brains of individuals with ASD. Autism Res 2013, 6: 190–200. © 2013 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

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DOI work Fetched Post crossref

Michael A. Grubb, Marlene Behrmann, Ryan Egan, Nancy J. Minshew, Marisa Carrasco, David J. Heeger (2013). Endogenous Spatial Attention: Evidence for Intact Functioning in Adults With Autism. Autism Research, 6(2), 108-118. Wiley.

Publication date
20 Feb 2013
Identifier
10.1002/aur.1269
Authors
Michael A. Grubb, Marlene Behrmann, Ryan Egan, Nancy J. Minshew, Marisa Carrasco, David J. Heeger
Source
Autism Research
Details
6(2), 108-118
Reference type
article
Publisher
Wiley
Metadata source
crossref

Abstract

Rapid manipulation of the attention field (i.e. the location and spread of visual spatial attention) is a critical aspect of human cognition, and previous research on spatial attention in individuals with autism spectrum disorders (ASD ) has produced inconsistent results. In a series of three psychophysical experiments, we evaluated claims in the literature that individuals with ASD exhibit a deficit in voluntarily controlling the deployment and size of the spatial attention field. We measured the spatial distribution of performance accuracies and reaction times to quantify the sizes and locations of the attention field, with and without spatial uncertainty (i.e. the lack of predictability concerning the spatial position of the upcoming stimulus). We found that high‐functioning adults with autism exhibited slower reaction times overall with spatial uncertainty, but the effects of attention on performance accuracies and reaction times were indistinguishable between individuals with autism and typically developing individuals in all three experiments. These results provide evidence of intact endogenous spatial attention function in high‐functioning adults with ASD, suggesting that atypical endogenous attention cannot be a latent characteristic of autism in general. Autism Res 2013, 6: 108–118. © 2013 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

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