Improving eye care access for autistic people: applying the autistic SPACE framework

This publication is included in the Autistic Autism Scholarship Project. two authors of this publication are identified as autistic in the project.

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Edwards, C., Love, A., Cai, R. Y., Constable, P. A., Love, D. C., Parmar, K. R., Gowen, E., Doherty, M., & gibbs, v. (2026). Improving eye care access for autistic people: applying the autistic SPACE framework. Clinical and Experimental Optometry, 109(5), 1089-1092. https://doi.org/10.1080/08164622.2025.2606937

Publication date: 11 Jan 2026 Added to AutiHub: 5 Jul 2026 Type: Article Article language: English
Publisher source (DOI) OpenAlex source

This publication is integrated into AutiHub through:

Authors

Publication authors
9
Publication authors identified as autistic
2 / 9 (22.2%)
  1. Chris Edwards *
  2. Abigail Love
  3. Ru Ying Cai
  4. Paul A. Constable
  5. Daniel C. Love
  1. Ketan R. Parmar
  2. Emma Gowen
  3. Mary Doherty *
  4. vicki gibbs

Abstract

Autistic people, who represent approximately 3% of the population,1 frequently encounter barriers to healthcare due to a mismatch between their needs and conventional healthcare environments. These...

Bibliography cited by this reference

Cited references are imported from external metadata sources when they are available. The list may be partial.

Cited bibliography overview

These indicators describe the bibliography cited by this publication. An author name is counted each time it appears in one cited reference, so the same person can be counted more than once. Names not yet linked to an author already present in AutiHub are treated as unknown, not as non-autistic. Last computed: 2 Oct 2026 01:00.

Cited references
12
With a DOI
9
Without a DOI, from raw bibliography text
3
3 / 12 (25.0%) cited references include at least one author identified as autistic.
References with data to complete
1 / 12 (8.3%)
References with detected author names
11 / 12 (91.7%)
Without detected author names
1
Without a structured title
1
Without a stable identifier
3
References with raw author names still to review
1
References with external metadata lookup issues
0
These indicators apply to cited references displayed on this page, after technical duplicates have been merged. A reference without a DOI can still support author statistics when a title and author names are available.
Author names detected in the cited bibliography
98
From DOI or external metadata
98
From validated raw bibliography text
0
Raw names already validated
0
Raw names still to review
3
21 / 98 (21.4%) names are linked to an author already present in AutiHub. 77 / 98 (78.6%) names are not yet linked.
Names linked to a person identified as autistic
6 / 98 (6.1%)
Calculated across all author names detected in the cited bibliography. Among names linked to an author already present in AutiHub: 6 / 21 (28.6%). Distinct people identified as autistic: 6 / 96 (6.2%).
  1. Chloe Walsh , Sinéad Lydon , Emily O’Dowd , Paul O’Connor (2020). Barriers to Healthcare for Persons with Autism: A Systematic Review of the Literature and Development of A Taxonomy . Developmental Neurorehabilitation, 23(7), 413-430. Informa UK Limited.
    Type: Article DOI: 10.1080/17518423.2020.1716868 OpenAlex: https://openalex.org/W3004472967
    Crossref OpenAlex
  2. Kelly A. Shaw , Susan Williams , Mary E. Patrick , Miguel Valencia-Prado , Maureen S. Durkin , Ellen M. Howerton et al. (2025). Prevalence and early identification of autism Spectrum disorder among children aged 4 and 8 years — autism and developmental disabilities monitoring network, 16 sites, United States, 2022 . MMWR Surveill. Summ., 74(2), 1. Centers for Disease Control MMWR Office.
    Type: Article DOI: 10.15585/mmwr.ss7402a1 OpenAlex: https://openalex.org/W4409458169
    Crossref OpenAlex
  3. Shenae Calleja , Fakir M. Amirul Islam , Jonathan Kingsley , Rachael McDonald (2020). Healthcare access for autistic adults . Medicine, 99(29), e20899. Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health).
    Type: Article DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000020899 OpenAlex: https://openalex.org/W3043350455
    Crossref OpenAlex
  4. Olivia J Lindly , James Chan , Rachel M Fenning , Justin G Farmer , Ann M Neumeyer , Paul Wang et al. (2021). Vision care among school-aged children with autism spectrum disorder in North America: Findings from the Autism Treatment Network Registry Call-Back Study . Autism, 25(3), 840-853. SAGE Publications.
    Type: Article DOI: 10.1177/1362361320942091 OpenAlex: https://openalex.org/W3044006808
    Crossref OpenAlex
  5. Mark W. Swanson , Sarah Dille Lee , Marcela G. Frazier , Annette Bade , Rachel Anastacia Coulter (2020). Vision Screening among Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder . Optometry and Vision Science, 97(11), 917-928. Wiley.
    Type: Article DOI: 10.1097/opx.0000000000001593 OpenAlex: https://openalex.org/W3097631675
    Crossref OpenAlex
  7. Edwards C (2025). Understanding eye care access for autistic adults and families: a convergent mixed-methods study . Autism.
    Type: Other
    Crossref
  9. Gowen E (2017). Optometric and orthoptic findings in autism: a review and guidelines for working effectively with autistic adult patients during an optometric examination . Optom Pract, 18, 145.
    Type: Other
    Crossref
  10. Chi‐Shin Wu , Tzu‐Hsun Tsai , Wei‐Li Chen , Hui‐Ju Tsai , Yi‐Ling Chien (2023). Ophthalmologic diagnoses in youths with autism spectrum disorder: Prevalence and clinical correlates . Autism Research, 16(10), 2008-2020. Wiley.
    Type: Article DOI: 10.1002/aur.3019 OpenAlex: https://openalex.org/W4386189870
    Crossref OpenAlex
  12. (n.d.). Parmar K Gowen E Dickinson C et al. Autism and Vision [Internet]. Manchester (UK): University of Manchester Body Eyes and Movement Lab; 2020 [cited 2025 Jul 18]. https://sites.manchester.ac.uk/autism-and-vision/
    Type: Other
    Crossref