Handbook of Autistic-Affirming Clinical Practice: Foundations for Anti-Ableist Assessment and Intervention With Autistic Clients

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Abstract

The neurodiversity paradigm contends that there is no one “normal” or “healthy” style of neurocognitive functioning and that all forms of neurocognitive functioning—including autism spectrum disorder (i.e., autism), attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), dyslexia, and more—deserve equal respect and acceptance in society. It includes the belief that neurodiversity, or the broad range of differences in individual brain function and behavioral traits, is a natural and valuable form of human diversity, much like diversity in race, ethnicity, gender, sexuality, and other cultural identities. There is a lack of awareness among psychologists regarding neurodiversity-affirming clinical practice, which involves a belief and commitment in approach to valuing and respecting the different ways that neurodivergent people—those whose neurocognitive functioning falls outside the realm of what society considers normal or expected—may think, feel, communicate, socialize, and process information. Autism is often approached using a medical model perspective that seeks to “normalize” or “fix” differential neurocognitive functioning, resulting in marginalization and potential harm to Autistic people receiving healthcare services. This presents both an ethical and social justice dilemma within various therapy fields, including psychology, behavior analysis, occupational therapy, speech therapy, and others. As Autistic people have spoken out about the quality (or lack thereof) of the intervention and assessment services they receive, it becomes ever more important for psychologists to heed the voices of this marginalized group. Autistic-affirming clinical practice represents a promising approach to intervention and assessment that centers social justice, anti-ableism, epistemic humility, and client liberation. Psychologists may improve their cultural competence, ethical provision of services, and the quality of their work with Autistic clients by adopting an anti-ableist, Autistic-affirming approach to assessment and intervention.

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