Relaxed performances: supporting aural diversity and neurodiversity among classical concert audiences in the United Kingdom

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Abbott, E. H. R., Critten, A., & MacGregor, E. H. (2024). Relaxed performances: supporting aural diversity and neurodiversity among classical concert audiences in the United Kingdom. Sound Studies, 12(1), 89-112. https://doi.org/10.1080/20551940.2024.2333622

Publication date: 14 Apr 2024 Added to AutiHub: 9 Oct 2026 Type: Article Article language: English
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Authors

Publication authors
3
Publication authors identified as autistic
1 / 3 (33.3%)
  1. Emily H. R. Abbott
  2. Ailsa Critten
  3. Elizabeth H. MacGregor *

Abstract

Current discourse at the intersection between sound studies and disability studies has highlighted the phonocentric nature of conventional understandings of listening – especially in relation to engagement with classical music performance. The perpetuation of ableist notions of “normal” and “expert” listening risk overlooking multimodal and embodied listening practices of the kind advocated by aurally-diverse and neurodiverse concert audiences. In this article, we evaluate the extent to which Relaxed Performances (RPs) may offer opportunities for such diverse ways of listening, through surveying the existing provision of RPs in the United Kingdom and reviewing three examples of performances by the Graeæ Theatre Company, the English National Opera, and the BBC Proms. We conclude that further work needs to be undertaken for emergent RP practices to be codified and become widespread, but highlight the importance of this work in making classical music performance more accessible and beneficial for people who experience differences in sensory processing.

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Cited references
102
With a DOI
68
Without a DOI, from raw bibliography text
33
6 / 102 (5.9%) cited references include at least one author identified as autistic.
References with data to complete
19 / 102 (18.6%)
References with detected author names
83 / 102 (81.4%)
Without detected author names
19
Without a structured title
17
Without a stable identifier
28
References with raw author names still to review
17
References with external metadata lookup issues
0
These indicators apply to cited references displayed on this page, after technical duplicates have been merged. A reference without a DOI can still support author statistics when a title and author names are available.
Author names detected in the cited bibliography
134
From DOI or external metadata
134
From validated raw bibliography text
0
Raw names already validated
0
Raw names still to review
18
32 / 134 (23.9%) names are linked to an author already present in AutiHub. 102 / 134 (76.1%) names are not yet linked.
Names linked to a person identified as autistic
6 / 134 (4.5%)
Calculated across all author names detected in the cited bibliography. Among names linked to an author already present in AutiHub: 6 / 32 (18.8%). Distinct people identified as autistic: 6 / 125 (4.8%).
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