The Role of Peer Victimisation and Parental Mental Health in Internalising Problems: Examining Bidirectional Relationships Across Childhood and Adolescence in Autistic Youth

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Scheske, M., Hampton, S., Cooper, K., Zahir, R., Midouhas, E., Flouri, E., Saunders, R., & Mandy, W. (2026). The Role of Peer Victimisation and Parental Mental Health in Internalising Problems: Examining Bidirectional Relationships Across Childhood and Adolescence in Autistic Youth. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10803-026-07410-4

Publication date: 1 Jul 2026 Added to AutiHub: 26 Sep 2026 Type: Article Article language: English
Publisher source (DOI) Full text OpenAlex source

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Authors

Publication authors
8
Publication authors identified as autistic
1 / 8 (12.5%)
  1. Maxie Scheske
  2. S. Hampton *
  3. Kate Cooper
  4. Reesha Zahir
  1. Emily Midouhas
  2. Eirini Flouri
  3. Rob Saunders
  4. Will Mandy

Abstract

Abstract Purpose Anxiety and depression (‘internalising symptoms’) are common in autistic children and young people. For non-autistic youth, there are reciprocal relationships between internalising difficulties and parental mental health and peer victimisation, but it is unclear whether this holds for their autistic peers. This study investigates longitudinal and bidirectional relationships of parental mental health and peer victimisation with internalising symptoms in autistic children and young people. Methods Autistic children and young people in the Millennium Cohort Study (N = 560) were included. Measures were parent-reported. Random-Intercept Cross-Lagged Panel Models (RI-CLPMs) were estimated to examine bidirectional associations of internalising symptoms with parental mental health and peer victimisation across six timepoints (3- to 17-years-old). Results Both the RI-CLPM of child internalising symptoms with parental mental health, and with peer victimisation, revealed autoregressive paths across timepoints. Greater peer victimisation at 5-years predicted greater internalising symptoms at 7-years, and these associations were unchanged after accounting for covariates. Parental mental health at 3- and 5-years predicted internalising symptoms at 5- and 7-years, and conversely, internalising symptoms at 14-years predicted greater parental mental health difficulties at 17-years. However, associations between parent mental health and internalising were attenuated after adjusting for covariates. Conclusions Peer victimisation may contribute to the development of internalising symptoms in autistic children from a young age. Targeting interventions for environmental factors may be a means to promote better mental health for young autistic people.

Bibliography cited by this reference

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Cited bibliography overview

These indicators describe the bibliography cited by this publication. An author name is counted each time it appears in one cited reference, so the same person can be counted more than once. Names not yet linked to an author already present in AutiHub are treated as unknown, not as non-autistic. Last computed: 2 Oct 2026 08:13.

Cited references
71
With a DOI
65
Without a DOI, from raw bibliography text
6
3 / 71 (4.2%) cited references include at least one author identified as autistic.
References with data to complete
12 / 71 (16.9%)
References with detected author names
67 / 71 (94.4%)
Without detected author names
4
Without a structured title
12
Without a stable identifier
6
References with raw author names still to review
4
References with external metadata lookup issues
0
These indicators apply to cited references displayed on this page, after technical duplicates have been merged. A reference without a DOI can still support author statistics when a title and author names are available.
Author names detected in the cited bibliography
355
From DOI or external metadata
355
From validated raw bibliography text
0
Raw names already validated
0
Raw names still to review
7
126 / 355 (35.5%) names are linked to an author already present in AutiHub. 229 / 355 (64.5%) names are not yet linked.
Names linked to a person identified as autistic
7 / 355 (2.0%)
Calculated across all author names detected in the cited bibliography. Among names linked to an author already present in AutiHub: 7 / 126 (5.6%). Distinct people identified as autistic: 7 / 333 (2.1%).
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