Cognitive Behaviour Therapy for Children and Adults with Asperger's Syndrome

This publication is included in the Autistic Autism Scholarship Project. one author of this publication is identified as autistic in the project.

About the autistic author marker

Metadata sources used for this reference

OpenAlex Crossref OpenCitations
Learn more about the sources used

Attwood, T. (2004). Cognitive Behaviour Therapy for Children and Adults with Asperger's Syndrome. Behaviour Change, 21(3), 147-161. https://doi.org/10.1375/bech.21.3.147.55995

Publication date: 1 Sep 2004 Added to AutiHub: 7 Sep 2026 Type: Article Article language: English
Publisher source (DOI) OpenAlex source

This publication is integrated into AutiHub through:

Authors

Publication authors
1
Publication authors identified as autistic
1 / 1 (100.0%)
  1. Tony Attwood *

Abstract

Abstract Asperger's syndrome is a relatively newly diagnosed developmental disorder within the autistic spectrum. Children and adults with Asperger's syndrome have an intellectual ability within the normal range but due to their unusual profile of cognitive, social and emotional abilities are vulnerable to the development of a secondary mood disorder. This paper provides an explanation of the abilities associated with Asperger's syndrome, and modifications to cognitive behaviour therapy (CBT) for this very unusual client group. In particular, the paper emphasises the importance of affective education for this clinical population and describes a new strategy used in cognitive restructuring, namely, the emotional toolbox. The paper concludes with a brief description of a current evaluation study of the effectiveness of CBT to treat anxiety and anger in children who have Asperger's syndrome. However, the strategies described in this paper can also be used with adults with Asperger's syndrome and applied to other clinical populations.

Bibliography cited by this reference

Cited references are imported from external metadata sources when they are available. The list may be partial.

Cited bibliography overview

These indicators describe the bibliography cited by this publication. An author name is counted each time it appears in one cited reference, so the same person can be counted more than once. Names not yet linked to an author already present in AutiHub are treated as unknown, not as non-autistic. Last computed: 12 Sep 2026 01:04.

Cited references
48
With a DOI
35
Without a DOI, from raw bibliography text
12
1 / 48 (2.1%) cited references include at least one author identified as autistic.
References with data to complete
12 / 48 (25.0%)
References with detected author names
39 / 48 (81.2%)
Without detected author names
9
Without a structured title
12
Without a stable identifier
12
References with raw author names still to review
9
References with external metadata lookup issues
0
These indicators apply to cited references displayed on this page, after technical duplicates have been merged. A reference without a DOI can still support author statistics when a title and author names are available.
Author names detected in the cited bibliography
115
From DOI or external metadata
115
From validated raw bibliography text
0
Raw names already validated
0
Raw names still to review
10
24 / 115 (20.9%) names are linked to an author already present in AutiHub. 91 / 115 (79.1%) names are not yet linked.
Names linked to a person identified as autistic
1 / 115 (0.9%)
Calculated across all author names detected in the cited bibliography. Among names linked to an author already present in AutiHub: 1 / 24 (4.2%). Distinct people identified as autistic: 1 / 107 (0.9%).
  1. Jamie Kleinman , Paul L. Marciano , Ruth L. Ault (2001). Advanced Theory of Mind in High-Functioning Adults with Autism . Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 31(1), 29-36. Springer Science and Business Media LLC.
    Type: Article DOI: 10.1023/a:1005657512379 OpenAlex: https://openalex.org/W38932859
    Crossref OpenAlex OpenCitations
  2. Ralph Adolphs , Lonnie Sears , Joseph Piven (2001). Abnormal Processing of Social Information from Faces in Autism . Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience, 13(2), 232-240. MIT Press - Journals.
    Type: Article DOI: 10.1162/089892901564289 OpenAlex: https://openalex.org/W2129825830
    Crossref OpenCitations
  3. Joseph Piven , Pat Palmer (1999). Psychiatric Disorder and the Broad Autism Phenotype: Evidence From a Family Study of Multiple-Incidence Autism Families . American Journal of Psychiatry, 156(4), 557-563. American Psychiatric Association Publishing.
    Type: Article DOI: 10.1176/ajp.156.4.557
    Crossref OpenCitations
  4. Liane Holliday Willey (2001). Asperger syndrome in the family: Redefining normal . Asperger syndrome in the family: Redefining normal.
    Type: Other OpenAlex: https://openalex.org/W591621046
    OpenAlex
  5. American Psychiatric Association (APA). (2000). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders(4th ed., text revision). Washington, DC: Author.
    Type: Other
    Crossref
  6. C. Fine , J. Lumsden , R. J. R. Blair (2001). Dissociation between `theory of mind' and executive functions in a patient with early left amygdala damage . Brain, 124(2), 287-298. Oxford University Press (OUP).
    Type: Article DOI: 10.1093/brain/124.2.287
    Crossref OpenCitations
  7. Attwood, T. (1998)Asperger's syndrome: A Guide for Parents and Professionals. London: Jessica Kingsley.
    Type: Other
    Crossref
  8. Carol A. Gray (1998). Social Stories and Comic Strip Conversations with Students with Asperger Syndrome and High-Functioning Autism . In Asperger syndrome or high-functioning autism (pp. 167-198). Springer US.
    Type: Book chapter DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4615-5369-4_9 OpenAlex: https://openalex.org/W1713280707
    Crossref OpenCitations
  9. Tony Attwood * (2003). Frameworks for behavioral interventions . Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Clinics of North America, 12(1), 65-86. Elsevier BV.
    Type: Article DOI: 10.1016/s1056-4993(02)00054-8 OpenAlex: https://openalex.org/W2049870272
    Crossref OpenCitations
  10. Dougal Julian Hare , Claire Paine (1997). Developing cognitive behavioural treatments for people with Asperger’s syndrome . Clinical Psychology Forum, 1(110), 5-8. British Psychological Society.
    Type: Article DOI: 10.53841/bpscpf.1997.1.110.5
    Crossref OpenCitations
  11. Simon Baron-Cohen , Therese Jolliffe , Catherine Mortimore , Mary Robertson (1997). Another Advanced Test of Theory of Mind: Evidence from Very High Functioning Adults with Autism or Asperger Syndrome . Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 38(7), 813-822. Wiley.
    Type: Article DOI: 10.1111/j.1469-7610.1997.tb01599.x OpenAlex: https://openalex.org/W2086094798
    Crossref OpenCitations
  12. Joseph A. Kim , Péter Szatmári , Susan E. Bryson , David L. Streiner , Freda J. Wilson (2000). The Prevalence of Anxiety and Mood Problems among Children with Autism and Asperger Syndrome . Autism, 4(2), 117-132. SAGE Publications.
    Type: Article DOI: 10.1177/1362361300004002002 OpenAlex: https://openalex.org/W2144140665
    Crossref OpenCitations
  13. Simon Baron-Cohen , Michelle O'Riordan , Valerie Stone , Rosie Jones , Kate Plaisted (1999). Recognition of Faux Pas by Normally Developing Children and Children with Asperger Syndrome or High-Functioning Autism . Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 29(5), 407-418. Springer Science and Business Media LLC.
    Type: Article DOI: 10.1023/a:1023035012436 OpenAlex: https://openalex.org/W1486096542
    Crossref OpenCitations
  14. Jonathan Green , Anne Gilchrist , Di Burton , Anthony Cox (2000). Social and Psychiatric Functioning in Adolescents with Asperger Syndrome Compared with Conduct Disorder . Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 30(4), 279-293. Springer Science and Business Media LLC.
    Type: Article DOI: 10.1023/a:1005523232106 OpenAlex: https://openalex.org/W1481714626
    Crossref OpenCitations
  15. Baron-Cohen (1999). ref7_57 Journal of Neuroscience, 11, 1891.
    Type: Other
    Crossref
  16. Bashe, P. & Kirby, B. L. (2001). The oasis guide to Asperger's syndrome. New York: Crown.
    Type: Other
    Crossref
  17. M. Ghaziuddin , E. Weidmer‐Mikhail , N. Ghaziuddin (1998). Comorbidity of Asperger syndrome: a preliminary report . Journal of Intellectual Disability Research, 42(4), 279-283. Wiley.
    Type: Article DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2788.1998.tb01647.x OpenAlex: https://openalex.org/W1983826994
    Crossref OpenCitations
  18. Susanne Bejerot, Lena Nylander, Eva (2001). Autistic traits in obsessive-compulsive disorder . Nordic Journal of Psychiatry, 55(3), 169-176. Informa UK Limited.
    Type: Article DOI: 10.1080/08039480152036047
    Crossref OpenCitations
  19. Peter Muris , Pim Steerneman , Cor Meesters , Harald Merckelbach , Robert Horselenberg , Tanja van den Hogen et al. (1999). The TOM Test: A New Instrument For Assessing Theory of Mind in Normal Children and Children with Pervasive Developmental Disorders . Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 29(1), 67-80. Springer Science and Business Media LLC.
    Type: Article DOI: 10.1023/a:1025922717020
    Crossref OpenCitations
  20. Berthier (1995). ref10_60 Neuropsychiatry, Neuropsychology and Behavioural Neurology, 8, 222.
    Type: Other
    Crossref
  21. Hiroshi Kurita (1999). Brief Report: Delusional Disorder in a Male Adolescent with High-Functioning PDDNOS . Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 29(5), 419-423. Springer Science and Business Media LLC.
    Type: Article DOI: 10.1023/a:1023087029274
    Crossref OpenCitations
  22. Alison J. Blackshaw , Peter Kinderman , Dougal J. Hare , Chris Hatton (2001). Theory of Mind, Causal Attribution and Paranoia in Asperger Syndrome . Autism, 5(2), 147-163. SAGE Publications.
    Type: Article DOI: 10.1177/1362361301005002005 OpenAlex: https://openalex.org/W2039518073
    Crossref OpenCitations
  23. P. F. BOLTON , Andrew Pickles , M. MURPHY , M. RUTTER (1998). Autism, affective and other psychiatric disorders: patterns of familial aggregation . Psychological Medicine, 28(2), 385-395. Cambridge University Press (CUP).
    Type: Article DOI: 10.1017/s0033291797006004
    Crossref OpenCitations
  24. Lena Nylander , Christopher Gillberg (2001). Screening for autism spectrum disorders in adult psychiatric out‐patients: a preliminary report . Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica, 103(6), 428-434. Wiley.
    Type: Article DOI: 10.1034/j.1600-0447.2001.00175.x
    Crossref OpenCitations
  25. Hugo Critchley , Eileen M. Daly , Edward T. Bullmore , Steven C. R. Williams , Therese Van Amelsvoort , Dene M. Robertson et al. (2000). The functional neuroanatomy of social behaviour . Brain, 123(11), 2203-2212. Oxford University Press (OUP).
    Type: Article DOI: 10.1093/brain/123.11.2203 OpenAlex: https://openalex.org/W2118201036
    Crossref OpenCitations
  26. RICHARD EISENMAJER , Margot Prior , Susan Leekam , LORNA WING , JUDITH GOULD , MICHAEL WELHAM et al. (1996). Comparison of Clinical Symptoms in Autism and Asperger's Disorder . Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, 35(11), 1523-1531. Elsevier BV.
    Type: Article DOI: 10.1097/00004583-199611000-00022 OpenAlex: https://openalex.org/W2117061169
    Crossref OpenCitations
  27. G. Robert DeLong , Judith T. Dwyer (1988). Correlation of family history with specific autistic subgroups: Asperger's syndrome and bipolar affective disease . Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 18(4), 593-600. Springer Science and Business Media LLC.
    Type: Article DOI: 10.1007/bf02211877 OpenAlex: https://openalex.org/W2055680168
    Crossref OpenCitations
  28. Judy Reaven , Susan Hepburn (2003). Cognitive-Behavioral Treatment of Obsessive- Compulsive Disorder in a Child with Asperger Syndrome . Autism, 7(2), 145-164. SAGE Publications.
    Type: Article DOI: 10.1177/1362361303007002003
    Crossref OpenCitations
  29. Lorna Wing (1981). Asperger's syndrome: a clinical account . Psychological Medicine, 11(1), 115-129. Cambridge University Press (CUP).
    Type: Article DOI: 10.1017/s0033291700053332 OpenAlex: https://openalex.org/W2105011854
    Crossref OpenCitations
  30. Mohammad Ghaziuddin , John Greden (1998). Depression in Children with Autism/Pervasive Developmental Disorders: A Case-Control Family History Study . Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 28(2), 111-115. Springer Science and Business Media LLC.
    Type: Article DOI: 10.1023/a:1026036514719
    Crossref OpenCitations
  31. Lisa Heavey , Wendy Phillips , Simon Baron-Cohen , Michael Rutter (2000). The Awkward Moments Test: A Naturalistic Measure of Social Understanding in Autism . Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 30(3), 225-236. Springer Science and Business Media LLC.
    Type: Article DOI: 10.1023/a:1005544518785 OpenAlex: https://openalex.org/W1587461800
    Crossref OpenCitations
  32. Agneta Nydén , Christopher Gillberg , Erland Hjelmquist , Mikael Heiman (1999). Executive Function/Attention Deficits in Boys with Asperger Syndrome, Attention Disorder and Reading/Writing Disorder . Autism, 3(3), 213-228. SAGE Publications.
    Type: Article DOI: 10.1177/1362361399003003002
    Crossref OpenCitations
  33. Christopher Gillberg (2002). A Guide to Asperger Syndrome . Cambridge University Press.
    Type: Book DOI: 10.1017/cbo9780511543814
    Crossref OpenCitations
  34. Alinda Gillott , Fred Furniss , Ann Walter (2001). Anxiety in High-Functioning Children with Autism . Autism, 5(3), 277-286. SAGE Publications.
    Type: Article DOI: 10.1177/1362361301005003005 OpenAlex: https://openalex.org/W2132630806
    Crossref OpenCitations
  35. Graham, P. (1998). Cognitive behaviour therapy for children and families. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press.
    Type: Other
    Crossref
  36. Abigail Werth , Michael Perkins , Jill Boucher (2001). ‘Here’s the Weavery Looming Up’ . Autism, 5(2), 111-125. SAGE Publications.
    Type: Article DOI: 10.1177/1362361301005002002 OpenAlex: https://openalex.org/W2057808604
    Crossref OpenCitations
  37. Bruce Tonge , Avril V. Brereton , Kylie M. Gray , Stewart L. Einfeld (1999). Behavioural and Emotional Disturbance in High-Functioning Autism and Asperger Syndrome . Autism, 3(2), 117-130. SAGE Publications.
    Type: Article DOI: 10.1177/1362361399003002003
    Crossref OpenCitations
  38. Hare (2004). ref24_74 Good Autism Practice, 5, 18.
    Type: Other
    Crossref
  39. ELISABET WENTZ NILSSON , Christopher Gillberg , I. CARINA GILLBERG , MARIA RÅSTAM (1999). Ten-Year Follow-up of Adolescent-Onset Anorexia Nervosa: Personality Disorders . Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, 38(11), 1389-1395. Elsevier BV.
    Type: Article DOI: 10.1097/00004583-199911000-00013
    Crossref OpenCitations
  40. Holliday Willey, L. (1999). Pretending to be normal: Living with Asperger's syndrome. London: Jessica Kingsley.
    Type: Other
    Crossref
  41. Holliday Willey, L. (2001). Asperger syndrome in the family: Redefining normal. London: Jessica Kingsley.
    Type: Other
    Crossref
  42. Bruce F. Pennington , Sally Ozonoff (1996). Executive Functions and Developmental Psychopathology . Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 37(1), 51-87. Wiley.
    Type: Article DOI: 10.1111/j.1469-7610.1996.tb01380.x OpenAlex: https://openalex.org/W2094371263
    Crossref OpenCitations
  43. Jackson, L. (2002). Freaks, geeks and Asperger's syndrome: A User Guide to Adolescence. London: Jessica Kingsley.
    Type: Other
    Crossref
  44. Sally Ozonoff , Mikle South , Judith N. Miller (2000). DSM-IV-Defined Asperger Syndrome: Cognitive, Behavioral and Early History Differentiation from High Functioning Autism . Autism, 4(1), 29-46. SAGE Publications.
    Type: Article DOI: 10.1177/1362361300004001003 OpenAlex: https://openalex.org/W2104737426
    Crossref OpenCitations
  45. Kate Sofronoff , Michelle Farbotko (2002). The Effectiveness of Parent Management Training to Increase Self-Efficacy in Parents of Children with Asperger Syndrome . Autism, 6(3), 271-286. SAGE Publications.
    Type: Article DOI: 10.1177/1362361302006003005 OpenAlex: https://openalex.org/W2033012941
    Crossref OpenCitations
  46. Digby Tantam (2000). Psychological Disorder in Adolescents and Adults with Asperger Syndrome . Autism, 4(1), 47-62. SAGE Publications.
    Type: Article DOI: 10.1177/1362361300004001004 OpenAlex: https://openalex.org/W2153794228
    Crossref OpenCitations
  47. Spence, S. H. (1995). The Social Worries Questionnaire. Social skills training: Enhancing social competence with children and adolescents. Windsor, UK: NFER-Nelson.
    Type: Other
    Crossref
  48. Spence, S. H. (1997). The Spence Children's Anxiety Scale. In I. Sclare (Ed.),Child psychology portfolio. Windsor, UK: NFER-Nelson.
    Type: Other
    Crossref