Reporting on patient and public involvement (PPI) in research publications: using the GRIPP2 checklists with lay co-researchers

Metadata sources used for this reference

OpenAlex Crossref OpenCitations
Learn more about the sources used

Jones, J., Cowe, M., Marks, S. A., McAllister, T., Mendoza, A., Ponniah, C., Wythe, H., & Mathie, E. (2021). Reporting on patient and public involvement (PPI) in research publications: using the GRIPP2 checklists with lay co-researchers. Research Involvement and Engagement, 7(1), 52-52. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40900-021-00295-w

Publication date: 22 Jul 2021 Added to AutiHub: 18 Jul 2026 Type: Article Article language: English
OpenAlex source Publisher source (DOI) Full text

This publication is integrated into AutiHub through:

Authors

Publication authors
8
Publication authors identified as autistic
0 / 8 (0.0%)
  1. Julia Jones
  2. Marion Cowe
  3. Sue Anne Marks
  4. Tony McAllister
  1. Alex Mendoza
  2. Carole Ponniah
  3. Helena Wythe
  4. Elspeth Mathie

Abstract

Abstract Background Patient and public involvement (PPI) in health and social care research is considered important internationally, with increasing evidence that PPI improves the quality, relevance and outcomes of research. There has been a growth in research publications that describe PPI in the research process, but the frequency and detail of PPI reporting varies considerably. This paper reports on a collaborative study that aimed to describe the extent of PPI in publications from research funded by the Collaboration for Leadership in Applied Health Research and Care (CLAHRC) in the East of England (EoE), part of the National Institute of Health Research (NIHR) in England (2014–2019). Methods A descriptive study of all research publications (1st January 2014 to 31st October 2017) funded by the NIHR CLAHRC EoE. Members of the Public Involvement in Research group (PIRg), at the University of Hertfordshire, were actively involved, with four PIRg co-researchers. We used an internationally recognised reporting checklist for PPI called the GRIPP2 (Guidance for Reporting Involvement of Patients and the Public, Version 2) to guide the reviewing process. Results Out of 148 research papers identified, 16 (14%) reported some aspect of PPI activity and were included for review. Ten of the publications (63%) acknowledged the contributions of PPI individuals and/or groups and five had PPI co-authors. There was considerable variation in the PPI reported in the publications, with some ‘missed opportunities’ to provide detail of PPI undertaken. The perspectives of the co-researchers shaped the reporting of the results from this study. The co-researchers found the GRIPP2-SF (short form) to be useful, but the GRIPP2-LF (long form) was considered over complicated and not user-friendly. Conclusions This is one of the first studies to involve lay co-researchers in the review of PPI reporting using the GRIPP2 reporting checklists (GRIPP2-SF and GRIPP2-LF). We make recommendations for a revised version of the GRIPP2-SF, with clearer instructions and three additional sections to record whether PPI is reported in the abstract or key words, in the acknowledgements section, and whether there are PPI co-authors. We also recommend the provision of training and support for patient and public peer reviewers.

Bibliography cited by this reference

Cited references are imported from external metadata sources when they are available. The list may be partial.

1 cited bibliography entry could not be fully enriched from DOI metadata.
Crossref: not found (1)
  1. Bec Hanley , Jane Bradburn , Marion Barnes , Clare Evans , Heather Goodare , Marcia Kelson et al. (2004). Involving the public in NHS public health, and social care research: briefing notes for researchers .
    Type: Book OpenAlex: https://openalex.org/W1488517369
    OpenAlex
  2. Sophie Staniszewska , Simon Denegri , Rachel Matthews , Virginia Minogue (2018). Reviewing progress in public involvement in NIHR research: developing and implementing a new vision for the future . BMJ Open, 8(7), e017124. BMJ.
    Type: Article DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2017-017124 OpenAlex: https://openalex.org/W2808839194
    Crossref OpenAlex OpenCitations
  3. Steven Martin , Sarah Kelly , Ayesha Khan , Sarah Cullum , Tom Dening , Greta Rait et al. (2015). Attitudes and preferences towards screening for dementia: a systematic review of the literature . BMC Geriatrics, 15(1), 66-66. Springer Science and Business Media LLC.
    Type: Article DOI: 10.1186/s12877-015-0064-6 OpenAlex: https://openalex.org/W1580331389
    Crossref OpenAlex OpenCitations
  4. Jahanara Miah , Piers Dawes , Steven Edwards , Iracema Leroi , Bella Starling , Suzanne Parsons (2019). Patient and public involvement in dementia research in the European Union: a scoping review . BMC Geriatrics, 19(1), 220-220. Springer Science and Business Media LLC.
    Type: Article DOI: 10.1186/s12877-019-1217-9 OpenAlex: https://openalex.org/W2967809334
    Crossref OpenAlex OpenCitations
  5. Scott A Lear (2018). Patients in research: one step in a long path . BMJ, 363, k4386. BMJ.
    Type: Article DOI: 10.1136/bmj.k4386 OpenAlex: https://openalex.org/W2898346569
    OpenCitations
  6. Sarah Kelly , Louise Lafortune , Nicola Hart , Katherine Cowan , Mark Fenton , Carol Brayne (2015). Dementia priority setting partnership with the James Lind Alliance: using patient and public involvement and the evidence base to inform the research agenda . Age and Ageing, 44(6), 985-993. Oxford University Press (OUP).
    Type: Article DOI: 10.1093/ageing/afv143 OpenAlex: https://openalex.org/W1840652611
    Crossref OpenAlex OpenCitations
  7. (n.d.). Staniszewska SD, Bagley S, Hickey H, Morley GR. Moving forward with global patient and public involvement in research [Blog]: Cochrane Community; 2018. https://community.cochrane.org/news/moving-forward-global-patient-and-public-involvement-research
    Type: Other
    Crossref
  8. Oli Williams , Sophie Sarre , Constantina Papoulias , Sarah Knowles , Glenn Robert , Peter Beresford et al. (2020). Lost in the shadows: reflections on the dark side of co-production . Health Research Policy and Systems, 18(1), 43-43. Springer Science and Business Media LLC.
    Type: Article DOI: 10.1186/s12961-020-00558-0 OpenAlex: https://openalex.org/W3023127878
    AutiHub · Documentation center Crossref OpenAlex OpenCitations
  10. Paul Wicks , Tessa Richards , Simon Denegri , Fiona Godlee (2018). Patients’ roles and rights in research . BMJ, 362, k3193. BMJ.
    Type: Article DOI: 10.1136/bmj.k3193 OpenAlex: https://openalex.org/W2883875021
    Crossref OpenAlex OpenCitations
  11. Ben Bowers , Roberta Lovick , Kristian Pollock , Stephen Barclay (2020). Patient and public involvement in general practice research . British Journal of General Practice, 70(694), 220-221. Royal College of General Practitioners.
    Type: Article DOI: 10.3399/bjgp20x709457 OpenAlex: https://openalex.org/W3023907902
    Crossref OpenAlex OpenCitations
  12. Josephine L. Illingworth , Peter Watson , Stanley Xu , Mark Manford , Howard Ring (2015). A method for identifying associations between seizures and possible trigger events in adults with intellectual disability . Epilepsia, 56(11), 1812-1818. Wiley.
    Type: Article DOI: 10.1111/epi.13137 OpenAlex: https://openalex.org/W1953559439
    Crossref OpenAlex OpenCitations
  13. Jo Brett , Sophie Staniszewska , Carole Mockford , Sandra Herron‐Marx , John Hughes , Colin Tysall et al. (2014). Mapping the impact of patient and public involvement on health and social care research: a systematic review . Health Expectations, 17(5), 637-650. Wiley.
    Type: Article DOI: 10.1111/j.1369-7625.2012.00795.x OpenAlex: https://openalex.org/W2049504028
    Crossref OpenAlex OpenCitations
  14. Jonathan Boote , Ruth Wong , Andrew Booth (2015). ‘Talking the talk or walking the walk?’ A bibliometric review of the literature on public involvement in health research published between 1995 and 2009 . Health Expectations, 18(1), 44-57. Wiley.
    Type: Article DOI: 10.1111/hex.12007 OpenAlex: https://openalex.org/W2028346186
    Crossref OpenAlex OpenCitations
  15. Virginia Minogue , Mary Cooke , Anne-Laure Donskoy , Penny Vicary , Bill Wells (2018). Patient and public involvement in reducing health and care research waste . Research Involvement and Engagement, 4(1), 5-5. Springer Science and Business Media LLC.
    Type: Abstract DOI: 10.1186/s40900-018-0087-1 OpenAlex: https://openalex.org/W2794288119
    Crossref OpenAlex OpenCitations
  16. Diane K. Bunn , Asmaa Abdelhamid , Maddie Copley , Vicky Cowap , Angela Dickinson , Amanda Howe et al. (2016). Effectiveness of interventions to indirectly support food and drink intake in people with dementia: Eating and Drinking Well IN dementiA (EDWINA) systematic review . BMC Geriatrics, 16(1), 89-89. Springer Science and Business Media LLC.
    Type: Article DOI: 10.1186/s12877-016-0256-8 OpenAlex: https://openalex.org/W2344110129
    Crossref OpenAlex OpenCitations
  17. Peter Beresford (2019). Public Participation in Health and Social Care: Exploring the Co-production of Knowledge . Frontiers in Sociology, 3, 41. Frontiers Media SA.
    Type: Article DOI: 10.3389/fsoc.2018.00041 OpenAlex: https://openalex.org/W2907060594
    Crossref OpenAlex OpenCitations
  18. Juan Pablo Domecq , Gabriela Prutsky , Tarig Elraiyah , Zhen Wang , Mohammed Nabhan , Nathan Shippee et al. (2014). Patient engagement in research: a systematic review . BMC Health Services Research, 14(1), 89-89. Springer Science and Business Media LLC.
    Type: Article DOI: 10.1186/1472-6963-14-89 OpenAlex: https://openalex.org/W2100905299
    Crossref OpenAlex OpenCitations
  19. Gill Green (2016). Power to the people: To what extent has public involvement in applied health research achieved this? Research Involvement and Engagement, 2(1), 28-28. Springer Science and Business Media LLC.
    Type: Article DOI: 10.1186/s40900-016-0042-y OpenAlex: https://openalex.org/W2507195581
    Crossref OpenAlex OpenCitations
  20. Kristina Staley , Duncan Barron (2019). Learning as an outcome of involvement in research: what are the implications for practice, reporting and evaluation? Research Involvement and Engagement, 5(1), 14-14. Springer Science and Business Media LLC.
    Type: Article DOI: 10.1186/s40900-019-0147-1 OpenAlex: https://openalex.org/W2943556053
    Crossref OpenAlex OpenCitations
  21. Sophie Staniszewska , Jo Brett , Carole Mockford , Rosemary Barber (2011). The GRIPP checklist: Strengthening the quality of patient and public involvement reporting in research . International Journal of Technology Assessment in Health Care, 27(4), 391-399. Cambridge University Press (CUP).
    Type: Article DOI: 10.1017/s0266462311000481 OpenAlex: https://openalex.org/W2112728637
    Crossref OpenAlex OpenCitations
  22. INVOLVE (2012). Briefing notes for researchers: involving the public in NHS, Public Health and social care research . Briefing notes for researchers: involving the public in NHS, Public Health and social care research.
    Type: Other
    Crossref
  23. Emma Leanne Jones , Barbara Ann Williams-Yesson , Rowland C. Hackett , Sophie Staniszewska , David Evans , Nader Kamal Francis (2015). Quality of Reporting on Patient and Public Involvement Within Surgical Research . Annals of Surgery, 261(2), 243-250. Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health).
    Type: Article DOI: 10.1097/sla.0000000000000768 OpenAlex: https://openalex.org/W2326142223
    Crossref OpenAlex OpenCitations
  24. Carole Mockford , Sophie Staniszewska , F. Griffiths , S. Herron-Marx (2012). The impact of patient and public involvement on UK NHS health care: a systematic review . International Journal for Quality in Health Care, 24(1), 28-38. Oxford University Press (OUP).
    Type: Article DOI: 10.1093/intqhc/mzr066 OpenAlex: https://openalex.org/W2112825966
    Crossref OpenAlex OpenCitations
  25. (n.d.). CEPPP. Patient and Public Engagement Evaluation Toolkit: Centre of Excellence on Partnership with Patients and the Public; https://ceppp.ca/en/collaborations/evaluation-toolkit/
    Type: Other
    Crossref
  26. Jessica Memarzia , Michelle C St Clair , Matt Owens , Ian M Goodyer , Valerie J Dunn (2015). Adolescents leaving mental health or social care services: predictors of mental health and psychosocial outcomes one year later . BMC Health Services Research, 15(1), 185-185. Springer Science and Business Media LLC.
    Type: Article DOI: 10.1186/s12913-015-0853-9 OpenAlex: https://openalex.org/W2134009410
    Crossref OpenAlex OpenCitations
  27. Trisha Greenhalgh , Lisa Hinton , Teresa Finlay , Alastair Macfarlane , Nick Fahy , Ben Clyde et al. (2019). Frameworks for supporting patient and public involvement in research: Systematic review and co‐design pilot . Health Expectations, 22(4), 785-801. Wiley.
    Type: Article DOI: 10.1111/hex.12888 OpenAlex: https://openalex.org/W2941496369
    Crossref OpenAlex OpenCitations
  28. Jonathan Boote , Wendy Baird , Anthea Sutton (2011). Public involvement in the systematic review process in health and social care: A narrative review of case examples . Health Policy, 102(2-3), 105-116. Elsevier BV.
    Type: Article DOI: 10.1016/j.healthpol.2011.05.002 OpenAlex: https://openalex.org/W2170241516
    Crossref OpenAlex OpenCitations
  29. Elspeth Mathie , Patricia Wilson , Fiona Poland , Elaine McNeilly , Amanda Howe , Sophie Staniszewska et al. (2014). Consumer involvement in health research: a UK scoping and survey . International Journal of Consumer Studies, 38(1), 35-44. Wiley.
    Type: Article DOI: 10.1111/ijcs.12072 OpenAlex: https://openalex.org/W2153696721
    Crossref OpenAlex OpenCitations
  30. A Faulkner (2015). Involvement for influence: 4Pi National Involvement Standards . Involvement for influence: 4Pi National Involvement Standards.
    Type: Other
    Crossref
  31. Sophie Staniszewska , Jo Brett , Iveta Simera , Kate Seers , Carole Mockford , Susan Goodlad et al. (2017). GRIPP2 reporting checklists: tools to improve reporting of patient and public involvement in research . Research Involvement and Engagement, 3(1), 13-13. Springer Science and Business Media LLC.
    Type: Article DOI: 10.1186/s40900-017-0062-2 OpenAlex: https://openalex.org/W2739751169
    Crossref OpenAlex OpenCitations
  32. Rachel Matthews , Meerat Kaur , Catherine French , Alison Baker , Julie Reed (2019). How helpful are Patient and Public Involvement strategic documents - Results of a framework analysis using 4Pi National Involvement Standards . Research Involvement and Engagement, 5(1), 31-31. Springer Science and Business Media LLC.
    Type: Article DOI: 10.1186/s40900-019-0164-0 OpenAlex: https://openalex.org/W2986039188
    Crossref OpenAlex OpenCitations
  33. Valerie Dunn (2017). Who inspired my thinking? – Young people with a lot to say but few opportunities to be heard . Research for All, 1(2), 307. UCL Press.
    Type: Article DOI: 10.18546/rfa.01.2.07 OpenAlex: https://openalex.org/W2774390463
    Crossref OpenAlex OpenCitations
  34. Patricia Wilson , Elspeth Mathie , Julia Keenan , Elaine McNeilly , Claire Goodman , Amanda Howe et al. (2015). ReseArch with Patient and Public invOlvement: a RealisT evaluation – the RAPPORT study . Health Services and Delivery Research, 3(38), 1-176. National Institute for Health and Care Research.
    Type: Article DOI: 10.3310/hsdr03380 OpenAlex: https://openalex.org/W2218926431
    Crossref OpenAlex OpenCitations
  35. NIHR (2019). UK Standards for Public Involvement . UK Standards for Public Involvement.
    Type: Other
    Crossref
  36. Mila Petrova , Matthew Barclay , Sam S. Barclay , Stephen I.G. Barclay (2017). Between “the best way to deliver patient care” and “chaos and low clinical value”: General Practitioners’ and Practice Managers’ views on data sharing . International Journal of Medical Informatics, 104, 74-83. Elsevier BV.
    Type: Article DOI: 10.1016/j.ijmedinf.2017.05.009 OpenAlex: https://openalex.org/W2614999076
    Crossref OpenAlex OpenCitations
  37. Asmaa Abdelhamid , Diane Bunn , Maddie Copley , Vicky Cowap , Angela Dickinson , Lucy Gray et al. (2016). Effectiveness of interventions to directly support food and drink intake in people with dementia: systematic review and meta-analysis . BMC Geriatrics, 16(1), 26-26. Springer Science and Business Media LLC.
    Type: Article DOI: 10.1186/s12877-016-0196-3 OpenAlex: https://openalex.org/W2259579583
    Crossref OpenAlex OpenCitations
  38. Tamara Backhouse , Andrea Kenkmann , Kathleen Lane , Bridget Penhale , Fiona Poland , Anne Killett (2016). Older care-home residents as collaborators or advisors in research: a systematic review . Age and Ageing, 45(3), 337-345. Oxford University Press (OUP).
    Type: Article DOI: 10.1093/ageing/afv201 OpenAlex: https://openalex.org/W2294422529
    Crossref OpenAlex OpenCitations
  40. Valerie Dunn (2017). Young people, mental health practitioners and researchers co-produce a Transition Preparation Programme to improve outcomes and experience for young people leaving Child and Adolescent Mental Health Services (CAMHS) . BMC Health Services Research, 17(1), 293-293. Springer Science and Business Media LLC.
    Type: Article DOI: 10.1186/s12913-017-2221-4 OpenAlex: https://openalex.org/W2605687785
    Crossref OpenAlex OpenCitations
  42. Kristina Staley (2017). Changing what researchers 'think and do': Is this how involvement impacts on research? Research for All, 1(1), 158. UCL Press.
    Type: Article DOI: 10.18546/rfa.01.1.13 OpenAlex: https://openalex.org/W2977578564
    Crossref OpenAlex OpenCitations
  43. Howard Ring , Nakita Gilbert , Roxanne Hook , Adam Platt , Christopher Smith , Fiona Irvine et al. (2016). Improving outcomes in adults with epilepsy and intellectual disability (EpAID) using a nurse-led intervention: study protocol for a cluster randomised controlled trial . Trials, 17(1), 297-297. Springer Science and Business Media LLC.
    Type: Article DOI: 10.1186/s13063-016-1429-7 OpenAlex: https://openalex.org/W2464224847
    Crossref OpenAlex OpenCitations
  44. Valerie Dunn , Tom Mellor (2017). Creative, participatory projects with young people: Reflections over five years . Research for All, 1(2), 284. UCL Press.
    Type: Article DOI: 10.18546/rfa.01.2.05 OpenAlex: https://openalex.org/W2771661886
    Crossref OpenAlex OpenCitations
  45. Sue Anne Marks , Elspeth Mathie , Jane Smiddy , Julia Jones , Maria da Silva-Gane (2018). Reflections and experiences of a co-researcher involved in a renal research study . Research Involvement and Engagement, 4(1), 36-36. Springer Science and Business Media LLC.
    Type: Article DOI: 10.1186/s40900-018-0120-4 OpenAlex: https://openalex.org/W2896023768
    Crossref OpenAlex OpenCitations
  46. Julieta Galante , Geraldine Dufour , Alice Benton , Emma Howarth , Maris Vainre , Timothy J Croudace et al. (2016). Protocol for the Mindful Student Study: a randomised controlled trial of the provision of a mindfulness intervention to support university students' well-being and resilience to stress . BMJ Open, 6(11), e012300. BMJ.
    Type: Article DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2016-012300 OpenAlex: https://openalex.org/W2547261361
    Crossref OpenAlex OpenCitations
  47. Andrea Mayrhofer , Elspeth Mathie , Jane McKeown , Frances Bunn , Claire Goodman (2018). Age-appropriate services for people diagnosed with young onset dementia (YOD): a systematic review . Aging & Mental Health, 22(8), 933-941. Informa UK Limited.
    Type: Article DOI: 10.1080/13607863.2017.1334038 OpenAlex: https://openalex.org/W2626811033
    Crossref OpenAlex OpenCitations
  48. Amy Price , Loai Albarqouni , Jo Kirkpatrick , Mike Clarke , Su May Liew , Nia Roberts et al. (2018). Patient and public involvement in the design of clinical trials: An overview of systematic reviews . Journal of Evaluation in Clinical Practice, 24(1), 240-253. Wiley.
    Type: Article DOI: 10.1111/jep.12805 OpenAlex: https://openalex.org/W2766144316
    Crossref OpenAlex OpenCitations
  49. Dean Fergusson , Zarah Monfaredi , Kusala Pussegoda , Chantelle Garritty , Anne Lyddiatt , Beverley Shea et al. (2018). The prevalence of patient engagement in published trials: a systematic review . Research Involvement and Engagement, 4(1), 17-17. Springer Science and Business Media LLC.
    Type: Article DOI: 10.1186/s40900-018-0099-x OpenAlex: https://openalex.org/W2803256491
    Crossref OpenAlex OpenCitations
  50. Catherine Lee (2016). Preparing transition from child and adolescent mental health services (CAMHS): evaluating a creative participatory approach . Apollo (University of Cambridge). Social Research Association.
    Type: Article DOI: 10.17863/cam.857 OpenAlex: https://openalex.org/W2756945443 Crossref: not found
    Crossref OpenAlex
  51. Tessa Richards , Sara Schroter , Amy Price , Fiona Godlee (2018). Better together: patient partnership in medical journals . BMJ, 362, k3798. BMJ.
    Type: Article DOI: 10.1136/bmj.k3798 OpenAlex: https://openalex.org/W2891917749
    Crossref OpenAlex OpenCitations
  52. Ceri Wilson , Lorna Rouse , Sarah Rae , Manaan Kar Ray (2017). Is restraint a ‘necessary evil’ in mental health care? Mental health inpatients’ and staff members’ experience of physical restraint . International Journal of Mental Health Nursing, 26(5), 500-512. Wiley.
    Type: Article DOI: 10.1111/inm.12382 OpenAlex: https://openalex.org/W2759188400
    Crossref OpenAlex OpenCitations
  53. Josephine Ocloo , Sara Garfield , Bryony Dean Franklin , Shoba Dawson (2021). Exploring the theory, barriers and enablers for patient and public involvement across health, social care and patient safety: a systematic review of reviews . Health Research Policy and Systems, 19(1), 8-8. Springer Science and Business Media LLC.
    Type: Article DOI: 10.1186/s12961-020-00644-3 OpenAlex: https://openalex.org/W3093610909
    Crossref OpenAlex OpenCitations
  54. Andrea M Mayrhofer , Elspeth Mathie , Jane McKeown , Claire Goodman , Lisa Irvine , Natalie Hall et al. (2020). Young onset dementia: Public involvement in co-designing community-based support . Dementia, 19(4), 1051-1066. SAGE Publications.
    Type: Article DOI: 10.1177/1471301218793463 OpenAlex: https://openalex.org/W2888126996
    Crossref OpenAlex OpenCitations
  55. Sara Schroter , Amy Price , Ella Flemyng , Andrew Demaine , Jim Elliot , Rebecca Harmston et al. (2018). Perspectives on involvement in the peer-review process: surveys of patient and public reviewers at two journals . BMJ Open, 8(9), e023357. BMJ.
    Type: Article DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2018-023357 OpenAlex: https://openalex.org/W2892053593
    Crossref OpenAlex OpenCitations
  56. Julia Keenan , Fiona Poland , Jonathan Boote , Amanda Howe , Helena Wythe , Anna Varley et al. (2019). ‘We’re passengers sailing in the same ship, but we have our own berths to sleep in’: Evaluating patient and public involvement within a regional research programme: An action research project informed by Normalisation Process Theory . PLOS ONE, 14(5), e0215953. Public Library of Science (PLoS).
    Type: Article DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0215953 OpenAlex: https://openalex.org/W2945636200
    Crossref OpenAlex OpenCitations
  57. Gill Green , Annette Boaz , Maria Stuttaford (2019). Editorial: Public Participation in Health Care: Exploring the Co-production of Knowledge . Frontiers in Sociology, 4, 73-73. Frontiers Media SA.
    Type: Article DOI: 10.3389/fsoc.2019.00073 OpenAlex: https://openalex.org/W2984362559
    OpenAlex
  58. (n.d.). de Iongh A, Severwright A, Taylor J. Patient and public involvement statements in British journal of occupational therapy: an important step. Br J Occup Ther. 0(0):03080226211030103.
    Type: Other
    Crossref
  59. (n.d.). Laidlaw L, Mathie E. Blog: Why we need to invest in people who lay review for journals: NIHR Applied Research Collaboration East of England; 2021. https://arc-eoe.nihr.ac.uk/news-insights/news-latest/blog-why-we-need-invest-people-who-lay-review-journals
    Type: Other
    Crossref
  60. (n.d.). NIHR. Public reviewing with the National Institute for Health Research (NIHR): NIHR INVOLVE. https://www.invo.org.uk/resource-centre/learning-and-development/public-reviewing-with-the-national-institute-for-health-research-nihr/#top
    Type: Other
    Crossref