Reduction in social anxiety after MDMA-assisted psychotherapy with autistic adults: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled pilot study

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Danforth, A., Grob, C. S., Struble, C. M., Feduccia, A. A., Walker, N., Jerome, L., Yazar‐Klosinski, B., & Emerson, A. (2018). Reduction in social anxiety after MDMA-assisted psychotherapy with autistic adults: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled pilot study. Psychopharmacology, 235(11), 3137-3148. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00213-018-5010-9

Publication date: 8 Sep 2018 Added to AutiHub: 7 Jul 2026 Type: Article Article language: English
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Authors

Publication authors
8
Publication authors identified as autistic
1 / 8 (12.5%)
  1. Alicia Danforth
  2. Charles S. Grob
  3. Christopher M. Struble
  4. Allison A. Feduccia
  1. Nick Walker *
  2. Lisa Jerome
  3. Berra Yazar‐Klosinski
  4. Amy Emerson

Abstract

RATIONALE: Standard therapeutic approaches to reduce social anxiety in autistic adults have limited effectiveness. Since 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA)-assisted psychotherapy shows promise as a treatment for other anxiety disorders, a blinded, placebo-controlled pilot study was conducted. OBJECTIVES: To explore feasibility and safety of MDMA-assisted psychotherapy for reduction of social fear and avoidance that are common in the autistic population. METHODS: Autistic adults with marked to very severe social anxiety were randomized to receive MDMA (75 to 125 mg, n = 8) or inactive placebo (0 mg, n = 4) during two 8-h psychotherapy sessions (experimental sessions) in a controlled clinical setting. Double-blinded experimental sessions were spaced approximately 1 month apart with 3 non-drug psychotherapy sessions following each. The primary outcome was change in Leibowitz Social Anxiety Scale (LSAS) Total scores from Baseline to one month after the second experimental session. Outcomes were measured again six months after the last experimental session. RESULTS: Improvement in LSAS scores from baseline to the primary endpoint was significantly greater for MDMA group compared to the placebo group (P = 0.037), and placebo-subtracted Cohen's d effect size was very large (d = 1.4, CI - 0.074, 2.874). Change in LSAS scores from baseline to 6-month follow-up showed similar positive results (P = 0.036), with a Cohen's d effect size of 1.1 (CI - 0.307, 2.527). Social anxiety remained the same or continued to improve slightly for most participants in the MDMA group after completing the active treatment phase. CONCLUSIONS: This pilot trial demonstrated rapid and durable improvement in social anxiety symptoms in autistic adults following MDMA-assisted psychotherapy. Initial safety and efficacy outcomes support expansion of research into larger samples to further investigate this novel treatment for social anxiety. TRIAL REGISTRATION: clinicaltrials.gov identifier, NCT02008396.

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Cited references
59
Total cited references integrated for this publication.
Cited references with an identified autistic author
0 / 59 (0.0%)
Cited author occurrences identified as autistic
0 / 284 (0.0%)
Among occurrences linked to AutiHub author records: 0 / 19 (0.0%). Distinct cited authors identified as autistic: 0 / 243 (0.0%).
Cited author occurrences linked to AutiHub author records
19 / 284 (6.7%)
Distinct linked cited authors: 14 / 243 (5.8%)
Linked cited-author occurrences not identified as autistic
19 / 19 (100.0%)
Among linked cited-author occurrences only. Across all cited-author occurrences: 19 / 284 (6.7%). Distinct linked cited authors not identified as autistic: 14 / 14 (100.0%).
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