A Personal Constructivist Approach for Investigating the Patterns of Dependency of Adolescents with Autism Spectrum Disorder: Case Study of Two Families
Cridland, E. K., Caputi, P., Walker, B. M., Thom-Jones, S., & Magee, C. (2015). A Personal Constructivist Approach for Investigating the Patterns of Dependency of Adolescents with Autism Spectrum Disorder: Case Study of Two Families. Journal of Constructivist Psychology, 29(1), 30-50. https://doi.org/10.1080/10720537.2015.1005323
This publication is integrated into AutiHub through:
Authors
Abstract
This research investigated the utility and practicality of dependency grids for capturing and presenting the dependency distribution patterns of three adolescents with autism spectrum disorder. The investigation also involved family members to explore their level of awareness of the adolescents’ dependency preferences. The grids were analyzed using a range of measures, including the uncertainty index and partial order scalogram analysis. Findings indicate the adolescents had various ways of dispersing their dependencies among their resources and differed in the types of support most used. Additionally, family members differed in their awareness of the adolescents’ preferences. The benefits and drawbacks of the adolescents’ dependency distribution patterns are discussed, as well as implications of these patterns for family members. Ways in which dependency grids may be further used with this population in research and clinical contexts are also considered.
Bibliography cited by this reference
Cited references are imported from external metadata sources when they are available. The list may be partial.
Bibliography inclusion overview
These indicators describe the cited bibliography imported for this publication. Cited-reference metrics use the cited-reference total as denominator. Cited-author metrics state whether they use all cited-author occurrences or only occurrences linked to authors already integrated in the AutiHub database. They use cached links between cited authors and authors integrated in the AutiHub database. Last computed: 16 Aug 2026 11:31.
-
Donald Bannister , Fay Fransella (2010). THE PSYCHOLOGY OF PERSONAL CONSTRUCTS . In INQUIRING MAN: (pp. 1-28). Taylor & Francis.OpenAlex
-
Matthew J. Altiere , Silvia von Kluge (2009). Searching for acceptance: Challenges encountered while raising a child with autism . Journal of Intellectual & Developmental Disability, 34(2), 142-152. Informa UK Limited.Crossref OpenAlex OpenCitations
-
Nirit Bauminger , Cory Shulman , Galit Agam (2003). Peer Interaction and Loneliness in High-Functioning Children with Autism . Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 33(5), 489-507. Springer Science and Business Media LLC.Crossref OpenAlex OpenCitations
-
A. W. Landfield , L. M. Leitner (1980). Personal construct psychology: psychotherapy and personality .Type: Book OpenAlex: https://openalex.org/W585559382OpenAlex
-
American Psychiatric Association (2000). Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition, Text Revision (DSM-IV-TR) . American Psychiatric Association.Crossref OpenAlex OpenCitations
-
Kay Bradford (2010). Supporting Families Dealing with Autism and Asperger's Disorders . Journal of Family Psychotherapy, 21(2), 149-156. Informa UK Limited.Crossref OpenAlex OpenCitations
-
(2014). Personality Research, Methods, and Theory . Psychology Press.OpenAlex
-
González Moreno, Andrés Santiago (2013). Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders . American Psychiatric Association.Crossref OpenAlex OpenCitations
-
Elizabeth K. Cridland , Sandra Thom-Jones *Autistic author. Learn more… , Peter Caputi , Chris Magee (2014). Being a Girl in a Boys’ World: Investigating the Experiences of Girls with Autism Spectrum Disorders During Adolescence . Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 44(6), 1261-1274. Springer Science and Business Media LLC.
-
Tony Attwood (2007). The Complete Guide to Asperger’s Syndrome . Jessica Kingsley Publishers.Crossref OpenAlex OpenCitations
-
Beverly M. Walker (2003). Making Sense of Dependency . In International Handbook of Personal Construct Psychology (pp. 171-180). Wiley.OpenAlex OpenCitations
-
Nirit Bauminger (2002). The Facilitation of Social-Emotional Understanding and Social Interaction in High-Functioning Children with Autism: Intervention Outcomes . Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 32(4), 283-298. Springer Science and Business Media LLC.Crossref OpenAlex OpenCitations
-
Beverly M. Walker (1990). Construing George Kelly's Construing of the Person-In-Relation . International Journal of Personal Construct Psychology, 3(1), 41-50. Informa UK Limited.Crossref OpenAlex OpenCitations
-
David A. Winter (1992). Personal Construct Psychology in Clinical Practice: Theory, Research and Applications .Type: Book OpenAlex: https://openalex.org/W1523443587Crossref OpenAlex
-
Louis Guttman (1944). A Basis for Scaling Qualitative Data . American Sociological Review, 9(2), 139. SAGE Publications.Crossref OpenAlex OpenCitations
-
Beail N. (1958). Repertory grid technique and personal constructs: Applications in clinical and educational settings . Repertory grid technique and personal constructs: Applications in clinical and educational settings, 207.Type: OtherCrossref
-
Kenneth W. Phelps , Susan L. McCammon , Karl L. Wuensch , Jeannie A. Golden (2009). Enrichment, stress, and growth from parenting an individual with an autism spectrum disorder . Journal of Intellectual & Developmental Disability, 34(2), 133-141. Informa UK Limited.Crossref OpenAlex OpenCitations
-
Fay Fransella , Richard Bell , D. Bannister (1977). A manual for repertory grid technique .Type: Book OpenAlex: https://openalex.org/W1525232459OpenAlex
-
Richard C. Bell (2001). SOME NEW MEASURES OF THE DISPERSION OF DEPENDENCY IN A SITUATION−RESOURCE GRID . Journal of Constructivist Psychology, 14(3), 227-234. Informa UK Limited.Crossref OpenAlex
-
Tammy Pilowsky , Nurit Yirmiya , Osnat Doppelt , Varda Gross‐Tsur , Ruth S. Shalev (2004). Social and emotional adjustment of siblings of children with autism . Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 45(4), 855-865. Wiley.Crossref OpenAlex OpenCitations
-
Tom Ravenette (2003). Constructive Intervention When Children Are Presented As Problems . In International Handbook of Personal Construct Psychology (pp. 283-293). Wiley.OpenAlex OpenCitations
-
Bell R.C. (2009). Gridstat5: A program for analysing the data of a repertory grid . Gridstat5: A program for analysing the data of a repertory grid.Type: OtherCrossref
-
Vanessa K. Jensen , Sarah Cain Spannagel (2011). The Spectrum of Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Spectrum of Needs, Services, and Challenges . Journal of Contemporary Psychotherapy, 41(1), 1-9. Springer Science and Business Media LLC.Crossref OpenAlex OpenCitations
-
(1990). Ordinary families, special children: a systems approach to childhood disability . Choice Reviews Online, 27(05), 27-2778-27-2778. American Library Association.OpenAlex
-
Richard C. Bell , David Winter , Suchitra Bhandari (2010). Hierarchical Relationships in Dependency Grids: Explorations in Survivors of Childhood Sexual Abuse . Journal of Constructivist Psychology, 23(2), 102-117. Informa UK Limited.Crossref OpenAlex OpenCitations
-
Sharon Field , Alan Hoffman (1999). The Importance of Family Involvement for Promoting Self-Determination in Adolescents with Autism and Other Developmental Disabilities . Focus on Autism and Other Developmental Disabilities, 14(1), 36-41. SAGE Publications.Crossref OpenAlex OpenCitations
-
George Alexander Kelly , Brendan A. Maher (1969). Clinical Psychology and Personality: The Selected Papers of George Kelly .Type: Book OpenAlex: https://openalex.org/W1591162926OpenAlex
-
Ylva Benderix , Bengt Sivberg (2007). Siblings' Experiences of Having a Brother or Sister With Autism and Mental Retardation: A Case Study of 14 Siblings From Five Families . Journal of Pediatric Nursing, 22(5), 410-418. Elsevier BV.Crossref OpenAlex OpenCitations
-
John Pinkerton , Pat Dolan (2007). Family support, social capital, resilience and adolescent coping . Child & Family Social Work, 12(3), 219-228. Wiley.Crossref OpenAlex OpenCitations
-
Samantha Thomas , Richard Butler , Dougal Julian Hare , David Green (2011). Using personal construct theory to explore self‐image with adolescents with learning disabilities . British Journal of Learning Disabilities, 39(3), 225-232. Wiley.Crossref OpenAlex OpenCitations
-
Bowen M. (1995). Clinical view of the family . Family Systems, 2(2), 153.Type: OtherCrossref
-
Dougal Julian Hare , Ruth Searson , Rebecca Knowles (2011). Real listening – using personal construct assessment with people with intellectual disabilities: two case studies . British Journal of Learning Disabilities, 39(3), 190-197. Wiley.Crossref OpenAlex OpenCitations
-
Button E. (1985). Personal construct theory and mental health . Personal construct theory and mental health.Type: OtherCrossref
-
Gael I. Orsmond , Marsha Mailick Seltzer (2009). Adolescent Siblings of Individuals with an Autism Spectrum Disorder: Testing a Diathesis-Stress Model of Sibling Well-Being . Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 39(7), 1053-1065. Springer Science and Business Media LLC.Crossref OpenAlex OpenCitations
-
Beverly M. Walker , Fred L. Ramsey , Richard C. Bell (1988). Dispersed and Undispersed Dependency . International Journal of Personal Construct Psychology, 1(1), 63-80. Informa UK Limited.Crossref OpenAlex OpenCitations
-
Carrillo, Victoria (2012). Growing up with autism: The sibling experience . Growing up with autism: The sibling experience.Type: Dissertation OpenAlex: https://openalex.org/W2279740737Crossref OpenAlex
-
Centro di Psicologia , Psicoterapia Costruttivista (1994). Gabriele Chiari, M. Laura Nuzzo, Vincenzo Alfano, Pasquale Brogna, Tiziana D'Andrea, Giancarlo Di Battista, Paola Plata, and Eleonora Stiffan . Journal of Constructivist Psychology, 7(1), 17-34. Informa UK Limited.Crossref OpenAlex OpenCitations
-
Hélène Cottenceau , Sylvie Roux , Romuald Blanc , Pascal Lenoir , Frédérique Bonnet-Brilhault , Catherine Barthélémy (2012). Quality of life of adolescents with autism spectrum disorders: comparison to adolescents with diabetes . European Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, 21(5), 289-296. Springer Science and Business Media LLC.Crossref OpenAlex OpenCitations
-
Elizabeth K. Cridland , Peter Caputi , Sandra Thom-Jones *Autistic author. Learn more… , Chris Magee (2014). Understanding high-functioning autism during adolescence: A personal construct theory approach . Journal of Intellectual & Developmental Disability, 39(1), 108-118. Informa UK Limited.
-
Mei-Ni Hsiao , Wan-Ling Tseng , Hui-Yi Huang , Susan Shur-Fen Gau (2013). Effects of autistic traits on social and school adjustment in children and adolescents: The moderating roles of age and gender . Research in Developmental Disabilities, 34(1), 254-265. Elsevier BV.Crossref OpenAlex OpenCitations
-
Alexandra H. Solomon , Beth Chung (2012). Understanding Autism: How Family Therapists Can Support Parents of Children with Autism Spectrum Disorders . Family Process, 51(2), 250-264. Wiley.Crossref OpenAlex OpenCitations
-
Elizabeth K. Cridland , Sandra Thom-Jones *Autistic author. Learn more… , Peter Caputi , Chris Magee (2015). Qualitative research with families living with autism spectrum disorder: Recommendations for conducting semistructured interviews . Journal of Intellectual and Developmental Disability, 40(1), 78-91. Informa UK Limited.
-
Timothy M. Krahn , Andrew Fenton (2012). The Extreme Male Brain Theory of Autism and the Potential Adverse Effects for Boys and Girls with Autism . Journal of Bioethical Inquiry, 9(1), 93-103. Springer Science and Business Media LLC.Crossref OpenAlex OpenCitations
-
D.J. Hare (1997). Use of repertory grid techniques in working with people with teaming disabilities . Journal of Learning Disabilities for Nursing, Health, and Social Care, 1(3), 115-119. SAGE Publications.Crossref OpenAlex OpenCitations
-
Rinat Gold , Miriam Faust (2012). Metaphor Comprehension in Persons with Asperger's Syndrome: Systemized versus Non-Systemized Semantic Processing . Metaphor and Symbol, 27(1), 55-69. Informa UK Limited.Crossref OpenAlex OpenCitations
-
Fiske S.T. (1995). Personality research, methods, and theory . Personality research, methods, and theory, 222.Type: OtherCrossref
-
Dougal Julian Hare , Jonathan Paul Robin Jones , Claire Paine (1999). Approaching Reality: The Use of Personal Construct Assessment in Working with People with Asperger Syndrome . Autism, 3(2), 165-176. SAGE Publications.Crossref OpenAlex OpenCitations
-
Gael I. Orsmond , Hsin-Yu Kuo (2011). The daily lives of adolescents with an autism spectrum disorder . Autism, 15(5), 579-599. SAGE Publications.Crossref OpenAlex OpenCitations
-
Fransella F. (2004). A manual for repertory grid technique . A manual for repertory grid technique.Type: OtherCrossref
-
Cyndie Koning , Joyce Magill-Evans (2001). Social and Language Skills in Adolescent Boys with Asperger Syndrome . Autism, 5(1), 23-36. SAGE Publications.Crossref OpenAlex OpenCitations
-
Hans Hellemans , Kathy Colson , Christine Verbraeken , Robert Vermeiren , Dirk Deboutte (2007). Sexual Behavior in High-Functioning Male Adolescents and Young Adults with Autism Spectrum Disorder . Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 37(2), 260-269. Springer Science and Business Media LLC.Crossref OpenAlex OpenCitations
-
David E Gray (2002). Ten years on: a longitudinal study of families of children with autism . Journal of Intellectual & Developmental Disability, 27(3), 215-222. Informa UK Limited.Crossref OpenAlex OpenCitations
-
Bob Green (2004). PERSONAL CONSTRUCT PSYCHOLOGY AND CONTENT ANALYSIS . Personal Construct Theory & Practice, 1, 82.Type: Article OpenAlex: https://openalex.org/W2160363323Crossref OpenAlex
-
Marsha Mailick Seltzer , Marty Wyngaarden Krauss , Paul Shattuck , Gael Orsmond , April Swe , Catherine Lord (2003). The Symptoms of Autism Spectrum Disorders in Adolescence and Adulthood . Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 33(6), 565-581. Springer Science and Business Media LLC.Crossref OpenAlex OpenCitations
-
Jonathan Mason (2008). Measuring psychological change in offenders with intellectual disabilities and alcohol misuse using repertory grids: two case examples . The British Journal of Forensic Practice, 10(4), 37-44. Emerald.Crossref OpenAlex OpenCitations
-
Sam B. Morgan (1988). The autistic child and family functioning: A developmental-family systems perspective . Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 18(2), 263-280. Springer Science and Business Media LLC.Crossref OpenAlex OpenCitations
-
W. C. Warren (1992). Personal construct theory and mental health . International Journal of Personal Construct Psychology, 5(3), 223-237. Informa UK Limited.OpenAlex
-
Kelly G. (1955). The psychology of personal constructs . The psychology of personal constructs, 1.Type: OtherCrossref
-
Harry G. Procter (2001). PERSONAL CONSTRUCT PSYCHOLOGY AND AUTISM . Journal of Constructivist Psychology, 14(2), 107-126. Informa UK Limited.Crossref OpenAlex OpenCitations
-
Kelly G. (1962). Clinical psychology and personality: The selected papers of George Kelly . Clinical psychology and personality: The selected papers of George Kelly, 189.Type: OtherCrossref
-
A. RYLE , D. BREEN (1972). A comparison of adjusted and maladjusted couples using the double dyad grid . British Journal of Medical Psychology, 45(4), 375-382. Wiley.Crossref OpenAlex OpenCitations
-
Erica Jones (1993). Personal Construct Psychology in Clinical Practice: Theory, Research and Applications . Postgraduate Medical Journal, 69(812), 502-502. Oxford University Press (OUP).OpenAlex
-
Reg Talbot , Cary L. Cooper , Bob Ellis (1991). Uses of the dependency grid for investigating social support in stressful situations . Stress Medicine, 7(3), 171-180. Wiley.Crossref OpenAlex OpenCitations
-
Simon O'loughlin (1989). Use of Repertory Grids to Assess Understanding Between Partners in Marital Therapy . International Journal of Personal Construct Psychology, 2(2), 143-147. Informa UK Limited.Crossref OpenAlex OpenCitations
-
Paul Shattuck , Marsha Mailick Seltzer , Jan S. Greenberg , Gael I. Orsmond , Daniel Bolt , Sheilah Kring et al. (2007). Change in Autism Symptoms and Maladaptive Behaviors in Adolescents and Adults with an Autism Spectrum Disorder . Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 37(9), 1735-1747. Springer Science and Business Media LLC.Crossref OpenAlex OpenCitations
-
Procter H. (1985). Repertory grid technique and personal constructs: Applications in clinical and educational wettings . Repertory grid technique and personal constructs: Applications in clinical and educational wettings, 218.Type: OtherCrossref
-
Procter H. (2000). Helping children with autism to learn . Helping children with autism to learn, 63.Type: OtherCrossref
-
Ravenette A. (1980). Personal construct psychology: Psychotherapy and personality . Personal construct psychology: Psychotherapy and personality.Type: OtherCrossref
-
Ravenette T (2005). The essential practitioner's handbook of personal construct psychology . The Essential Practitioner’s Handbook of Personal Construct Psychology, 133.Type: OtherCrossref
-
Seligman M (2007). Ordinary families, special children: A systems approach to childhood disability . Ordinary Families, Special Children: A Systems Approach to Childhood Disability.Type: OtherCrossref
-
Karen McKenzie (2007). The Complete Guide to Asperger’s Syndrome . Learning Disability Practice, 10(2), 26-27. RCN Publishing Ltd..OpenAlex
-
Smith T. (2005). A sibling support group for brothers and sisters of children with autism . Journal of Developmental Disabilities, 11(1), 77.Type: OtherCrossref
-
Marcia Jean Carter (2014). Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 5th ed. Therapeutic Recreation Journal, 48(3).Type: Article OpenAlex: https://openalex.org/W2906253013OpenAlex
-
ABBY L. WASSERMAN (1990). Ordinary Families, Special Children: A Systems Approach to Childhood Disability . Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, 29(4), 673-674. Elsevier BV.OpenAlex
-
Angela Leonard (2001). Helping Children with Autism to Learn . REACH: Journal of Inclusive Education in Ireland, 14(2).Type: Article OpenAlex: https://openalex.org/W3161377432OpenAlex
-
Walker B.M. (2005). The essential practitioner's handbook of personal construct psychology . The essential practitioner's handbook of personal construct psychology, 78.Type: OtherCrossref
-
George A. Kelly (2003). The psychology of personal constructs . Routledge.OpenAlex