Food, nutrition, and autism: from soil to fork

This publication is included in the Autistic Autism Scholarship Project. one author of this publication is identified as autistic in the project.

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Maitin-Shepard, M., O’Tierney-Ginn, P., Kraneveld, A. D., Lyall, K., Fallin, D., Arora, M., Fasano, A., Mueller, N. T., Wang, X., Caulfield, L. E., Dickerson, A. S., Diaz Heijtz, R., Tarui, T., Blumberg, J. B., Holingue, C., Schmidt, R. J., Garssen, J., Almendinger, K., Lin, P. I. D., & Mozaffarian, D. (2024). Food, nutrition, and autism: from soil to fork. The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 120(1), 240-256. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajcnut.2024.04.020

Publication date: 25 Apr 2024 Added to AutiHub: 7 Sep 2026 Type: Article Article language: English

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Authors

Publication authors
20
Publication authors identified as autistic
1 / 20 (5.0%)

Abstract

Food and nutrition-related factors have the potential to impact development of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and quality of life for people with ASD, but gaps in evidence exist. On 10 November 2022, Tufts University's Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy and Food and Nutrition Innovation Institute hosted a 1-d meeting to explore the evidence and evidence gaps regarding the relationships of food and nutrition with ASD. This meeting report summarizes the presentations and deliberations from the meeting. Topics addressed included prenatal and child dietary intake, the microbiome, obesity, food-related environmental exposures, mechanisms and biological processes linking these factors and ASD, food-related social factors, and data sources for future research. Presentations highlighted evidence for protective associations with prenatal folic acid supplementation and ASD development, increases in risk of ASD with maternal gestational obesity, and the potential for exposure to environmental contaminants in foods and food packaging to influence ASD development. The importance of the maternal and child microbiome in ASD development or ASD-related behaviors in the child was reviewed, as was the role of discrimination in leading to disparities in environmental exposures and psychosocial factors that may influence ASD. The role of child diet and high prevalence of food selectivity in children with ASD and its association with adverse outcomes were also discussed. Priority evidence gaps identified by participants include further clarifying ASD development, including biomarkers and key mechanisms; interactions among psychosocial, social, and biological determinants; interventions addressing diet, supplementation, and the microbiome to prevent and improve quality of life for people with ASD; and mechanisms of action of diet-related factors associated with ASD. Participants developed research proposals to address the priority evidence gaps. The workshop findings serve as a foundation for future prioritization of scientific research to address evidence gaps related to food, nutrition, and ASD.

Bibliography cited by this reference

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Cited bibliography overview

These indicators describe the bibliography cited by this publication. An author name is counted each time it appears in one cited reference, so the same person can be counted more than once. Names not yet linked to an author already present in AutiHub are treated as unknown, not as non-autistic. Last computed: 12 Sep 2026 01:04.

Cited references
186
With a DOI
177
Without a DOI, from raw bibliography text
9
0 / 186 (0.0%) cited references include at least one author identified as autistic.
References with data to complete
5 / 186 (2.7%)
References with detected author names
182 / 186 (97.8%)
Without detected author names
4
Without a structured title
1
Without a stable identifier
7
References with raw author names still to review
0
References with external metadata lookup issues
1
These indicators apply to cited references displayed on this page, after technical duplicates have been merged. A reference without a DOI can still support author statistics when a title and author names are available.
Author names detected in the cited bibliography
1446
From DOI or external metadata
1446
From validated raw bibliography text
0
Raw names already validated
0
Raw names still to review
0
129 / 1446 (8.9%) names are linked to an author already present in AutiHub. 1317 / 1446 (91.1%) names are not yet linked.
Names linked to a person identified as autistic
0 / 1446 (0.0%)
Calculated across all author names detected in the cited bibliography. Among names linked to an author already present in AutiHub: 0 / 129 (0.0%). Distinct people identified as autistic: 0 / 1186 (0.0%).
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