Selective Mutism in Children With and Without an Autism Spectrum Disorder: The Role of Sensory Avoidance in Mediating Symptoms of Social Anxiety

This publication is included in the Autistic Autism Scholarship Project. one author of this publication is identified as autistic in the project.

About the autistic author marker

Metadata sources used for this reference

OpenAlex Crossref PubMed OpenCitations
Learn more about the sources used

Ludlow, A. K., Osborne, C., & Keville, S. (2022). Selective Mutism in Children With and Without an Autism Spectrum Disorder: The Role of Sensory Avoidance in Mediating Symptoms of Social Anxiety. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 53(10), 3891-3900. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10803-022-05674-0

Publication date: 29 Jul 2022 Added to AutiHub: 25 Aug 2026 Type: Article Article language: English
Publisher source (DOI) Full text OpenAlex source

This publication is integrated into AutiHub through:

Authors

Publication authors
3
Publication authors identified as autistic
1 / 3 (33.3%)
  1. Amanda K. Ludlow
  2. Clarissa Osborne *
  3. Saskia Keville

Abstract

The present study addressed the different contributors to social anxiety in children with Selective Mutism (SM), with and without co-occurring Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) (SM + ASD). Seventy-five parents completed an online composite questionnaire consisting of the symptoms of SM and ASD, anxiety and sensory measures. The results found the SM + ASD group showed significantly higher levels of social anxiety and sensory avoidance compared to the SM only group. However, a simple mediation model revealed sensory avoidance to be a mediator of this relationship between the diagnosis and social anxiety.. Therefore, higher levels of sensory avoidance may help to differentiate social anxiety between the groups and may also be a sign of ASD in children with SM who have and/or are yet to receive an ASD diagnosis.

Bibliography cited by this reference

Cited references are imported from external metadata sources when they are available. The list may be partial.

Cited bibliography overview

These indicators describe the bibliography cited by this publication. An author name is counted each time it appears in one cited reference, so the same person can be counted more than once. Names not yet linked to an author already present in AutiHub are treated as unknown, not as non-autistic. Last computed: 12 Sep 2026 01:04.

Cited references
90
With a DOI
73
Without a DOI, from raw bibliography text
14
0 / 90 (0.0%) cited references include at least one author identified as autistic.
References with data to complete
14 / 90 (15.6%)
References with detected author names
81 / 90 (90.0%)
Without detected author names
9
Without a structured title
12
Without a stable identifier
14
References with raw author names still to review
6
References with external metadata lookup issues
0
These indicators apply to cited references displayed on this page, after technical duplicates have been merged. A reference without a DOI can still support author statistics when a title and author names are available.
Author names detected in the cited bibliography
271
From DOI or external metadata
271
From validated raw bibliography text
0
Raw names already validated
0
Raw names still to review
11
26 / 271 (9.6%) names are linked to an author already present in AutiHub. 245 / 271 (90.4%) names are not yet linked.
Names linked to a person identified as autistic
0 / 271 (0.0%)
Calculated across all author names detected in the cited bibliography. Among names linked to an author already present in AutiHub: 0 / 26 (0.0%). Distinct people identified as autistic: 0 / 239 (0.0%).
  1. Ruth Perednik , Michael F. Shaughnessy (2012). An Interview with Ruth Perednik: Treating Selective Mutism . North American journal of psychology, 14(2), 365.
    Type: Article OpenAlex: https://openalex.org/W194110145
    OpenAlex
  2. González Moreno, Andrés Santiago (2013). Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders . American Psychiatric Association.
    Type: Book DOI: 10.1176/appi.books.9780890425596 OpenAlex: https://openalex.org/W4247665917
    Crossref OpenAlex OpenCitations
  3. Siebke Melfsen , Susanne Walitza , Andreas Warnke (2006). The extent of social anxiety in combination with mental disorders . European Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, 15(2), 111-117. Springer Science and Business Media LLC.
    Type: Article DOI: 10.1007/s00787-006-0510-2 OpenAlex: https://openalex.org/W2025554907
    Crossref OpenAlex OpenCitations
  4. Brenna B. Maddox , Susan W. White (2015). Comorbid Social Anxiety Disorder in Adults with Autism Spectrum Disorder . Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 45(12), 3949-3960. Springer Science and Business Media LLC.
    Type: Article DOI: 10.1007/s10803-015-2531-5 OpenAlex: https://openalex.org/W1111367364
    Crossref OpenAlex OpenCitations
  5. Yair Bar-Haim , Yael Henkin , Daphne Ari-Even-Roth , Simona Tetin-Schneider , Minka Hildesheimer , Chava Muchnik (2004). Reduced auditory efferent activity in childhood selective mutism . Biological Psychiatry, 55(11), 1061-1068. Elsevier BV.
    Type: Article DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsych.2004.02.021 OpenAlex: https://openalex.org/W2071044248
    Crossref OpenAlex OpenCitations
  6. (2012). Contemporary Pediatrics . InTech.
    Type: Book DOI: 10.5772/2197 OpenAlex: https://openalex.org/W1494066629
    OpenAlex
  7. Scott Bellini (2004). Social Skill Deficits and Anxiety in High-Functioning Adolescents With Autism Spectrum Disorders . Focus on Autism and Other Developmental Disabilities, 19(2), 78-86. SAGE Publications.
    Type: Article DOI: 10.1177/10883576040190020201 OpenAlex: https://openalex.org/W2142042279
    Crossref OpenAlex OpenCitations
  8. Valerie L. Krysanski (2003). A Brief Review of Selective Mutism Literature . The Journal of Psychology, 137(1), 29-40. Informa UK Limited.
    Type: Article DOI: 10.1080/00223980309600597 OpenAlex: https://openalex.org/W1992304716
    Crossref OpenAlex OpenCitations
  9. Lawrence J. Siegel , Elaine Fletcher‐Janzem (2008). Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders . Encyclopedia of Special Education, 720-721. Wiley.
    Type: Other DOI: 10.1002/9780470373699.speced0655 OpenAlex: https://openalex.org/W1506726456
    OpenAlex
  10. R. Lindsey Bergman , Melody L. Keller , John Piacentini , Andrea J. Bergman (2008). The Development and Psychometric Properties of the Selective Mutism Questionnaire . Journal of Clinical Child & Adolescent Psychology, 37(2), 456-464. Informa UK Limited.
    Type: Article DOI: 10.1080/15374410801955805 OpenAlex: https://openalex.org/W2139775296
    Crossref OpenAlex OpenCitations
  11. Charles E. Cunningham , Angela McHolm , Michael H. Boyle , Sejal Patel (2004). Behavioral and emotional adjustment, family functioning, academic performance, and social relationships in children with selective mutism . Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 45(8), 1363-1372. Wiley.
    Type: Article DOI: 10.1111/j.1469-7610.2004.00327.x OpenAlex: https://openalex.org/W3137990562
    Crossref OpenAlex OpenCitations
  12. Louise Sharkey , Fiona McNicholas (2008). ‘More than 100 years of silence’, elective mutism . European Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, 17(5), 255-263. Springer Science and Business Media LLC.
    Type: Article DOI: 10.1007/s00787-007-0658-4 OpenAlex: https://openalex.org/W1606524168
    Crossref OpenAlex OpenCitations
  13. BRUCE BLACK , THOMAS W. UHDE (1995). Psychiatric Characteristics of Children with Selective Mutism: A Pilot Study . Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, 34(7), 847-856. Elsevier BV.
    Type: Article DOI: 10.1097/00004583-199507000-00007 OpenAlex: https://openalex.org/W2024001014
    Crossref OpenAlex OpenCitations
  14. Wendy K. Silverman , Armando A. Pina , Chockalingam Viswesvaran (2008). Evidence-Based Psychosocial Treatments for Phobic and Anxiety Disorders in Children and Adolescents . Journal of Clinical Child & Adolescent Psychology, 37(1), 105-130. Informa UK Limited.
    Type: Article DOI: 10.1080/15374410701817907 OpenAlex: https://openalex.org/W2109463352
    Crossref OpenAlex OpenCitations
  15. Charmaine K. Higa-McMillan , Sarah E. Francis , Leslie Rith-Najarian , Bruce F. Chorpita (2016). Evidence Base Update: 50 Years of Research on Treatment for Child and Adolescent Anxiety . Journal of Clinical Child & Adolescent Psychology, 45(2), 91-113. Informa UK Limited.
    Type: Article DOI: 10.1080/15374416.2015.1046177 OpenAlex: https://openalex.org/W1898654054
    Crossref OpenAlex OpenCitations
  16. Karen R. Black , Ryan A. Stevenson , Magali Segers , Busiswe L. Ncube , Sol Z. Sun , Aviva Philipp-Muller et al. (2017). Linking Anxiety and Insistence on Sameness in Autistic Children: The Role of Sensory Hypersensitivity . Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 47(8), 2459-2470. Springer Science and Business Media LLC.
    Type: Article DOI: 10.1007/s10803-017-3161-x OpenAlex: https://openalex.org/W2617904861
    Crossref OpenAlex OpenCitations
  17. Kate Simpson , Dawn Adams , Elizabeth Wheeley , Deb Keen (2020). Parent Perspectives on the Presentation, Triggers, Impact, and Support of Anxiety in Young Children on the Autism Spectrum . Journal of Child and Family Studies, 29(2), 572-582. Springer Science and Business Media LLC.
    Type: Article DOI: 10.1007/s10826-019-01576-5 OpenAlex: https://openalex.org/W2977016941
    Crossref OpenAlex OpenCitations
  18. Lynn E. McCutcheon (1999). North American Journal of Psychology, 1999. North American journal of psychology, 1.
    Type: Article OpenAlex: https://openalex.org/W1962388289
    OpenAlex
  19. Nathalie Boddaert , Nadia Chabane , Pascal Belin , Marie Bourgeois , Vincent Royer , Catherine Barthelemy et al. (2004). Perception of Complex Sounds in Autism: Abnormal Auditory Cortical Processing in Children . American Journal of Psychiatry, 161(11), 2117-2120. American Psychiatric Association Publishing.
    Type: Article DOI: 10.1176/appi.ajp.161.11.2117 OpenAlex: https://openalex.org/W2159441786
    Crossref OpenAlex OpenCitations
  20. Chad Ebesutani , Kelsie Okamura , Charmaine Higa-McMillan , Bruce F. Chorpita (2011). A psychometric analysis of the Positive and Negative Affect Schedule for Children–Parent Version in a school sample. Psychological Assessment, 23(2), 406-416. American Psychological Association (APA).
    Type: Article DOI: 10.1037/a0022057 OpenAlex: https://openalex.org/W2134370933
    Crossref OpenAlex OpenCitations
  21. K. O’Connor (2012). Auditory processing in autism spectrum disorder: A review . Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews, 36(2), 836-854. Elsevier BV.
    Type: Article DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2011.11.008 OpenAlex: https://openalex.org/W1963833174
    Crossref OpenAlex OpenCitations
  22. Stefanie C. Bodison , L. Diane Parham (2018). Specific Sensory Techniques and Sensory Environmental Modifications for Children and Youth With Sensory Integration Difficulties: A Systematic Review . American Journal of Occupational Therapy, 72(1), 42-53. SAGE Publications.
    Type: Article DOI: 10.5014/ajot.2018.029413 OpenAlex: https://openalex.org/W2771434339
    Crossref OpenAlex OpenCitations
  23. Shulamite A. Green , Ayelet Ben-Sasson (2010). Anxiety Disorders and Sensory Over-Responsivity in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorders: Is There a Causal Relationship? Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 40(12), 1495-1504. Springer Science and Business Media LLC.
    Type: Article DOI: 10.1007/s10803-010-1007-x OpenAlex: https://openalex.org/W2097949702
    Crossref OpenAlex OpenCitations
  24. Andrew F. Hayes , Kristopher J. Preacher (2014). Statistical mediation analysis with a multicategorical independent variable . British Journal of Mathematical and Statistical Psychology, 67(3), 451-470. Wiley.
    Type: Article DOI: 10.1111/bmsp.12028 OpenAlex: https://openalex.org/W1984426948
    Crossref OpenAlex OpenCitations
  25. Franklin Boon (1994). THE SELECTIVE MUTISM CONTROVERSY (CONTINUED) . Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, 33(2), 283-283. Elsevier BV.
    Type: Article DOI: 10.1097/00004583-199402000-00023 OpenAlex: https://openalex.org/W2009741561
    Crossref OpenAlex OpenCitations
  26. Richard H. Schwartz , Alicia S. Freedy , Michael J. Sheridan (2006). Selective Mutism: Are Primary Care Physicians Missing the Silence? Clinical Pediatrics, 45(1), 43-48. SAGE Publications.
    Type: Article DOI: 10.1177/000992280604500107 OpenAlex: https://openalex.org/W2123249824
    Crossref OpenAlex OpenCitations
  27. Cara A. Settipani , Connor M. Puleo , Bradley T. Conner , Philip C. Kendall (2012). Characteristics and anxiety symptom presentation associated with autism spectrum traits in youth with anxiety disorders . Journal of Anxiety Disorders, 26(3), 459-467. Elsevier BV.
    Type: Article DOI: 10.1016/j.janxdis.2012.01.010 OpenAlex: https://openalex.org/W1987136697
    Crossref OpenAlex OpenCitations
  28. Kary K. L. Chan , Carol K. S. To (2016). Do Individuals with High-Functioning Autism Who Speak a Tone Language Show Intonation Deficits? Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 46(5), 1784-1792. Springer Science and Business Media LLC.
    Type: Article DOI: 10.1007/s10803-016-2709-5 OpenAlex: https://openalex.org/W2290643457
    Crossref OpenAlex OpenCitations
  29. ROBIN YEGANEH , DEBORAH C. BEIDEL , SAMUEL M. TURNER , ARMANDO A. PINA , WENDY K. SILVERMAN (2003). Clinical Distinctions Between Selective Mutism and Social Phobia: An Investigation of Childhood Psychopathology . Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, 42(9), 1069-1075. Elsevier BV.
    Type: Article DOI: 10.1097/01.chi.0000070262.24125.23 OpenAlex: https://openalex.org/W2092100126
    Crossref OpenAlex OpenCitations
  30. Bruce F Chorpita , Letitia Yim , Catherine Moffitt , Lori A Umemoto , Sarah E Francis (2000). Assessment of symptoms of DSM-IV anxiety and depression in children: a revised child anxiety and depression scale . Behaviour Research and Therapy, 38(8), 835-855. Elsevier BV.
    Type: Article DOI: 10.1016/s0005-7967(99)00130-8 OpenAlex: https://openalex.org/W2133939965
    Crossref OpenAlex OpenCitations
  31. Sharon L. Cohan , Denise A. Chavira , Elisa Shipon-Blum , Carla Hitchcock , Scott C. Roesch , Murray B. Stein (2008). Refining the Classification of Children with Selective Mutism: A Latent Profile Analysis . Journal of Clinical Child & Adolescent Psychology, 37(4), 770-784. Informa UK Limited.
    Type: Article DOI: 10.1080/15374410802359759 OpenAlex: https://openalex.org/W2011196929
    Crossref OpenAlex OpenCitations
  32. Samantha Scott , Deborah C. Beidel (2011). Selective Mutism: An Update and Suggestions for Future Research . Current Psychiatry Reports, 13(4), 251-257. Springer Science and Business Media LLC.
    Type: Article DOI: 10.1007/s11920-011-0201-7 OpenAlex: https://openalex.org/W2094773855
    Crossref OpenAlex OpenCitations
  33. Jonathan S. Comer , Natalie Hong , Bridget Poznanski , Karina Silva , Maria Wilson (2019). Evidence Base Update on the Treatment of Early Childhood Anxiety and Related Problems . Journal of Clinical Child & Adolescent Psychology, 48(1), 1-15. Informa UK Limited.
    Type: Article DOI: 10.1080/15374416.2018.1534208 OpenAlex: https://openalex.org/W2911076295
    Crossref OpenAlex OpenCitations
  34. Janet K. Kern , Madhukar H. Trivedi , Carolyn R. Garver , Bruce D. Grannemann , Alonzo A. Andrews , Jayshree S. Savla et al. (2006). The pattern of sensory processing abnormalities in autism . Autism, 10(5), 480-494. SAGE Publications.
    Type: Article DOI: 10.1177/1362361306066564 OpenAlex: https://openalex.org/W2106895682
    OpenCitations
  35. Charles E. Cunningham , Angela E. McHolm , Michael H. Boyle (2006). Social phobia, anxiety, oppositional behavior, social skills, and self-concept in children with specific selective mutism, generalized selective mutism, and community controls . European Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, 15(5), 245-255. Springer Science and Business Media LLC.
    Type: Article DOI: 10.1007/s00787-006-0529-4 OpenAlex: https://openalex.org/W2025150291
    Crossref OpenAlex OpenCitations
  36. Catherine Lord , M. Rutter , P. C. DiLavore , s. Risi (2016). Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule--Generic . PsycTESTS Dataset. American Psychological Association (APA).
    Type: Dataset DOI: 10.1037/t17256-000 OpenAlex: https://openalex.org/W2913959566
    Crossref OpenAlex OpenCitations
  37. W Dunn (2014). Sensory Profile 2. User’s manual . Sensory Profile 2. User’s manual.
    Type: Other
    Crossref
  38. Ashley Robertson , David R. Simmons (2013). The Relationship between Sensory Sensitivity and Autistic Traits in the General Population . Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 43(4), 775-784. Springer Science and Business Media LLC.
    Type: Article DOI: 10.1007/s10803-012-1608-7 OpenAlex: https://openalex.org/W2096113836
    Crossref OpenAlex OpenCitations
  39. Denis G. Sukhodolsky , Lawrence Scahill , Kenneth D. Gadow , L. Eugene Arnold , Michael G. Aman , Christopher J. McDougle et al. (2008). Parent-Rated Anxiety Symptoms in Children with Pervasive Developmental Disorders: Frequency and Association with Core Autism Symptoms and Cognitive Functioning . Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology, 36(1), 117-128. Springer Science and Business Media LLC.
    Type: Article DOI: 10.1007/s10802-007-9165-9 OpenAlex: https://openalex.org/W2025843919
    Crossref OpenAlex OpenCitations
  40. Erik Marchi , Yue Zhang , Florian Eyben , Fabien Ringeval , Björn Schuller (2018). 6. Autism and speech, language, and emotion – a survey . In Signal and Acoustic Modeling for Speech and Communication Disorders (pp. 139-160). De Gruyter.
    Type: Book chapter DOI: 10.1515/9781501502415-007 OpenAlex: https://openalex.org/W3139291282
    Crossref OpenAlex OpenCitations
  41. Susan Dickerson Mayes , Susan L. Calhoun , Michael J. Murray , Amanda Pearl , Amanda Black , Cheryl D. Tierney (2014). Final DSM-5 under-identifies mild Autism Spectrum Disorder: Agreement between the DSM-5, CARS, CASD, and clinical diagnoses . Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders, 8(2), 68-73. Elsevier BV.
    Type: Article DOI: 10.1016/j.rasd.2013.11.002 OpenAlex: https://openalex.org/W2030027275
    Crossref OpenAlex OpenCitations
  42. Batya Engel-Yeger , Winnie Dunn (2011). The Relationship between Sensory Processing Difficulties and Anxiety Level of Healthy Adults . British Journal of Occupational Therapy, 74(5), 210-216. SAGE Publications.
    Type: Article DOI: 10.4276/030802211x13046730116407 OpenAlex: https://openalex.org/W2321418734
    Crossref OpenAlex OpenCitations
  43. Peter Muris , Thomas H. Ollendick (2015). Children Who are Anxious in Silence: A Review on Selective Mutism, the New Anxiety Disorder in DSM-5 . Clinical Child and Family Psychology Review, 18(2), 151-169. Springer Science and Business Media LLC.
    Type: Article DOI: 10.1007/s10567-015-0181-y OpenAlex: https://openalex.org/W2059112721
    Crossref OpenAlex OpenCitations
  44. Stephan Ehlers , Christopher Gillberg , Lorna Wing (1999). A Screening Questionnaire for Asperger Syndrome and Other High-Functioning Autism Spectrum Disorders in School Age Children . Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 29(2), 129-141. Springer Science and Business Media LLC.
    Type: Article DOI: 10.1023/a:1023040610384 OpenAlex: https://openalex.org/W2111546106
    Crossref OpenAlex OpenCitations
  45. Brennan J. Young , Brian E. Bunnell , Deborah C. Beidel (2012). Evaluation of Children With Selective Mutism and Social Phobia . Behavior Modification, 36(4), 525-544. SAGE Publications.
    Type: Article DOI: 10.1177/0145445512443980 OpenAlex: https://openalex.org/W2168324062
    Crossref OpenAlex OpenCitations
  46. Hans‐Christoph Steinhausen , Miriam Wachter , Karin Laimböck , Christa Winkler Metzke (2006). A long‐term outcome study of selective mutism in childhood . Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 47(7), 751-756. Wiley.
    Type: Article DOI: 10.1111/j.1469-7610.2005.01560.x OpenAlex: https://openalex.org/W2061749608
    Crossref OpenAlex OpenCitations
  47. Alinda Gillott , Fred Furniss , Ann Walter (2001). Anxiety in High-Functioning Children with Autism . Autism, 5(3), 277-286. SAGE Publications.
    Type: Article DOI: 10.1177/1362361301005003005 OpenAlex: https://openalex.org/W2132630806
    Crossref OpenAlex OpenCitations
  48. Chava Muchnik , Daphne Ari-Even Roth , Minka Hildesheimer , Miri Arie , Yair Bar-Haim , Yael Henkin (2013). Abnormalities in Auditory Efferent Activities in Children with Selective Mutism . Audiology and Neurotology, 18(6), 353-361. S. Karger AG.
    Type: Article DOI: 10.1159/000354160 OpenAlex: https://openalex.org/W2073995164
    Crossref OpenAlex OpenCitations
  49. Alinda Gillott , P.J. Standen (2007). Levels of anxiety and sources of stress in adults with autism . Journal of Intellectual Disabilities, 11(4), 359-370. SAGE Publications.
    Type: Article DOI: 10.1177/1744629507083585 OpenAlex: https://openalex.org/W2107963389
    OpenCitations
  50. Eve Müller , Adriana Schuler , Gregory B. Yates (2008). Social challenges and supports from the perspective of individuals with Asperger syndrome and other autism spectrum disabilities . Autism, 12(2), 173-190. SAGE Publications.
    Type: Article DOI: 10.1177/1362361307086664 OpenAlex: https://openalex.org/W2075707097
    Crossref OpenAlex OpenCitations
  51. Hayes, A. F. (2022). Introduction to mediation, moderation, and conditional process analysis: A regression-based approach (3rd edition). New York: The Guilford Press
    Type: Other
    Crossref
  52. Charles E. Cunningham , Angela McHolm , Michael H. Boyle , Sejal Patel (2004). Behavioral and emotional adjustment, family functioning, academic performance, and social relationships in children with selective mutism . Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 45(8), 1363-1372. Wiley.
    Type: Article DOI: 10.1111/j.1469-7610.2004.00843.x
    OpenCitations
  53. Sanna Kuusikko , Rachel Pollock-Wurman , Katja Jussila , Alice S. Carter , Marja-Leena Mattila , Hanna Ebeling et al. (2008). Social anxiety in high-functioning children and adolescents with autism and Asperger syndrome . Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 38(9), 1697. Springer Science and Business Media LLC.
    Type: Article DOI: 10.1007/s10803-008-0555-9 OpenAlex: https://openalex.org/W2089413443
    OpenAlex OpenCitations
  54. Yael Henkin , Yair Bar-Haim (2015). An auditory-neuroscience perspective on the development of selective mutism . Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience, 12, 86-93. Elsevier BV.
    Type: Article DOI: 10.1016/j.dcn.2015.01.002 OpenAlex: https://openalex.org/W2164028737
    Crossref OpenAlex OpenCitations
  55. Georgia Panayiotou , Maria Karekla , Chrysanthi Leonidou (2017). Coping through avoidance may explain gender disparities in anxiety . Journal of Contextual Behavioral Science, 6(2), 215-220. Elsevier BV.
    Type: Article DOI: 10.1016/j.jcbs.2017.04.005 OpenAlex: https://openalex.org/W2604881748
    Crossref OpenAlex OpenCitations
  56. Dawn Iacobucci (2012). Mediation analysis and categorical variables: The final frontier . Journal of Consumer Psychology, 22(4), 582-594. Wiley.
    Type: Article DOI: 10.1016/j.jcps.2012.03.006 OpenAlex: https://openalex.org/W2160156425
    Crossref OpenAlex OpenCitations
  57. Melis Ipci , Sevim Berrin Inci , Ülkü Akyol Ardiç , Eyup Sabri Ercan (2017). A Case of Asperger Syndrome With Comorbidity of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder and Selective Mutism . Journal of Clinical Psychopharmacology, 37(1), 109-110. Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health).
    Type: Article DOI: 10.1097/jcp.0000000000000627 OpenAlex: https://openalex.org/W2560923919
    Crossref OpenAlex OpenCitations
  58. Sally Standart , Ann Le Couteur (2003). The Quiet Child: A Literature Review of Selective Mutism . Child and Adolescent Mental Health, 8(4), 154-160. Wiley.
    Type: Article DOI: 10.1111/1475-3588.00065 OpenAlex: https://openalex.org/W2131332648
    Crossref OpenAlex OpenCitations
  59. Christopher A. Kearney , Melanie Rede (2021). The Heterogeneity of Selective Mutism: A Primer for a More Refined Approach . Frontiers in Psychology, 12, 2251. Frontiers Media SA.
    Type: Article DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.700745 OpenAlex: https://openalex.org/W3172797745
    Crossref OpenAlex OpenCitations
  60. Maj‐Britt Posserud , Astri J. Lundervold , Maaike C. Steijnen , Sophie Verhoeven , Kjell Morten Stormark , Christopher Gillberg (2008). Factor analysis of the Autism Spectrum Screening Questionnaire . Autism, 12(1), 99-112. SAGE Publications.
    Type: Article DOI: 10.1177/1362361307085268 OpenAlex: https://openalex.org/W2106258372
    Crossref OpenAlex OpenCitations
  61. CS Kranowitz (1998). Kranowitz, C. S. (1998). Screening for Sensory Integration Dysfunction. Caught Two, But One Got Away. Child Care Information Exchange, 119, 80–83 Child Care Information Exchange, 119, 80.
    Type: Other
    Crossref
  62. Falk Leichsenring , Frank Leweke (2017). Social Anxiety Disorder . New England Journal of Medicine, 376(23), 2255-2264. Massachusetts Medical Society.
    Type: Article DOI: 10.1056/nejmcp1614701 OpenAlex: https://openalex.org/W2623960085
    Crossref OpenAlex OpenCitations
  63. Nicole E. Lorenzo , Danielle Cornacchio , Tommy Chou , Steven M.S. Kurtz , Jami M. Furr , Jonathan S. Comer (2021). Expanding Treatment Options for Children With Selective Mutism: Rationale, Principles, and Procedures for an Intensive Group Behavioral Treatment . Cognitive and Behavioral Practice, 28(3), 379-392. Elsevier BV.
    Type: Article DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpra.2020.06.002 OpenAlex: https://openalex.org/W3043870990
    Crossref OpenAlex OpenCitations
  64. Jackson, L., Keville, S., & Ludlow, A. K. (2022). Exploring the lived experiences of Females Adolescents with Autism Spectrum Disorder and Co-morbid Anxiety. Qualitative Health Communications
    Type: Other
    Crossref
  65. Susan W. White , Donald Oswald , Thomas H. Ollendick , Lawrence Scahill (2009). Anxiety in children and adolescents with autism spectrum disorders . Clinical Psychology Review, 29(3), 216-229. Elsevier BV.
    Type: Article DOI: 10.1016/j.cpr.2009.01.003 OpenAlex: https://openalex.org/W2128556176
    Crossref OpenAlex OpenCitations
  66. Debbie Spain , Jacqueline Sin , Kai B. Linder , Johanna McMahon , Francesca Happé (2018). Social anxiety in autism spectrum disorder: A systematic review . Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders, 52(9), 51-68. Elsevier BV.
    Type: Article DOI: 10.1016/j.rasd.2018.04.007 OpenAlex: https://openalex.org/W2803156436
    Crossref OpenAlex OpenCitations
  67. SN Mahmood (2018). Mahmood, S. N., & Jabeen, A. (2018). Silence misdiagnosed: Mutism, autism or submissiveness? Diagnostic Bias in collectivistic culture. Khyber Medical University Journal, 10(3), 159–162 Khyber Medical University Journal, 10(3), 159.
    Type: Other
    Crossref
  68. A McKenna , K Stevenson , S Timmins , M Bindman (2017). 122 Developing an autism spectrum disorder assessment pathway for children presenting with selective mutism . Poster presentation abstracts, A31, A31.2-A31. BMJ Publishing Group Ltd and Royal College of Paediatrics and Child Health.
    Type: Other DOI: 10.1136/archdischild-2017-084620.83 OpenAlex: https://openalex.org/W2761076794
    Crossref OpenAlex OpenCitations
  69. Caroline Mills , Christine Chapparo , Joanne Hinitt (2016). The impact of an in-class sensory activity schedule on task performance of children with autism and intellectual disability: A pilot study . British Journal of Occupational Therapy, 79(9), 530-539. SAGE Publications.
    Type: Article DOI: 10.1177/0308022616639989 OpenAlex: https://openalex.org/W2343219331
    Crossref OpenAlex OpenCitations
  70. Mills, C., & Chapparo, C. (2017). A randomised controlled trial of classroom based sensory activity schedule intervention for children with autism. In Oral Presentations 27th Occupational Therapy Australia Conference, 19–21 July 2017, Perth, Western Australia (pp. 10–10)
    Type: Other
    Crossref
  71. Caroline J Mills , Christine Chapparo , Joanne Hinitt (2021). Impact of a sensory activity schedule intervention on cognitive strategy use in autistic students: A school-based pilot study . British Journal of Occupational Therapy, 84(12), 775-784. SAGE Publications.
    Type: Article DOI: 10.1177/0308022620982888 OpenAlex: https://openalex.org/W3119226673
    Crossref OpenAlex OpenCitations
  72. Mirko Uljarević , Alison. E. Lane , Amanda Kelly , Susan Leekam (2016). Sensory subtypes and anxiety in older children and adolescents with autism spectrum disorder . Autism Research, 9(10), 1073-1078. Wiley.
    Type: Article DOI: 10.1002/aur.1602 OpenAlex: https://openalex.org/W2234096032
    Crossref OpenAlex OpenCitations
  73. Felix Vogel , Angelika Gensthaler , Julia Stahl , Christina Schwenck (2019). Fears and fear-related cognitions in children with selective mutism . European Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, 28(9), 1169-1181. Springer Science and Business Media LLC.
    Type: Article DOI: 10.1007/s00787-019-01281-0 OpenAlex: https://openalex.org/W2912977146
    Crossref OpenAlex OpenCitations
  74. Mark D. Simms (2017). When Autistic Behavior Suggests a Disease Other than Classic Autism . Pediatric Clinics of North America, 64(1), 127-138. Elsevier BV.
    Type: Article DOI: 10.1016/j.pcl.2016.08.009 OpenAlex: https://openalex.org/W2554420963
    OpenAlex OpenCitations
  75. R Perednik (2012). Perednik, R., & Shaughnessy, M. F. (2012). An Interview with Ruth Perednik: Treating Selective Mutism. North American Journal of Psychology, 14(2), p365–370 North American Journal of Psychology, 14(2), p365.
    Type: Other
    Crossref
  76. Hannah Pickard , Colette Hirsch , Emily Simonoff , Francesca Happé (2020). Exploring the cognitive, emotional and sensory correlates of social anxiety in autistic and neurotypical adolescents . Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 61(12), 1317-1327. Wiley.
    Type: Article DOI: 10.1111/jcpp.13214 OpenAlex: https://openalex.org/W3009739144
    Crossref OpenAlex OpenCitations
  77. Royeen, C. B., & Lane, S. J. (1991). Tacrile processing and sensory defensiveness. In A. Fisher, E. Murray, & Bundy (Eds.),Sensory integration: Theory and practice (pp. 108-133). Philadelphia: F. A. Davis.
    Type: Other
    Crossref
  78. (n.d.). Journal of Occupational Therapy44:165–70
    Type: Other
    Crossref
  79. Ruiz, C. E., & Klein, E. R. (2013). Effects of anxiety on voice production: a retrospective case report of selective mutism. PSHA J,19–26
    Type: Other
    Crossref
  80. Hanna Steffenburg , Suzanne Steffenburg , Christopher Gillberg , Eva Billstedt (2018). Children with autism spectrum disorders and selective mutism . Neuropsychiatric Disease and Treatment, 14, 1163. Informa UK Limited.
    Type: Article DOI: 10.2147/ndt.s154966 OpenAlex: https://openalex.org/W2802701653
    Crossref OpenAlex
  81. RH Schwartz (2005). Schwartz, R. H., & Shipon-Blum, E. (2005). " Shy” child? Don’t overlook selective mutism: recognize this social anxiety disorder and treat it early to help prevent long-term dysfunction. Contemporary Pediatrics, 22(7), 30–36 Contemporary Pediatrics, 22(7), 30.
    Type: Other
    Crossref
  82. Vijaya Lakshmi Valaparla , Swapnajeet Sahoo , Susanta K. Padhy (2018). Selective mutism in a child with autism spectrum disorder: A case report and an approach to the management in such difficult to treat scenario in children . Asian Journal of Psychiatry, 36, 39-41. Elsevier BV.
    Type: Article DOI: 10.1016/j.ajp.2018.06.007 OpenAlex: https://openalex.org/W2808962698
    Crossref OpenAlex OpenCitations
  83. Christina Schwenck , Angelika Gensthaler , Felix Vogel (2021). Anxiety levels in children with selective mutism and social anxiety disorder . Current Psychology, 40(12), 6006-6013. Springer Science and Business Media LLC.
    Type: Article DOI: 10.1007/s12144-019-00546-w OpenAlex: https://openalex.org/W2987532164
    Crossref OpenAlex OpenCitations
  84. Syeda Namrah Mahmood , Ayesha Jabeen (2018). SILENCE MISDIAGNOSED: MUTISM, AUTISM OR SUBMISSIVENESS? DIAGNOSTIC BIAS IN COLLECTIVISTIC CULTURE . Khyber Medical University Journal, 159-162. Khyber Medical University.
    Type: Article DOI: 10.35845/kmuj.2018.18275 OpenAlex: https://openalex.org/W2914204526
    OpenAlex
  85. Hanna Steffenburg , Suzanne Steffenburg , Christopher Gillberg , Eva Billstedt (2018). Children with autism spectrum disorders and selective mutism . Neuropsychiatric Disease and Treatment, Volume 14, 1163-1169. Informa UK Limited.
    Type: Article DOI: 10.2147/ndt.s154966 10.2147/ndt.s174945
    OpenCitations
  86. MD Simms (2017). Simms, M. D. (2017). When autistic behavior suggests a disease other than classic autism. Pediatric Clinics, 64(1), 127–138 Pediatric Clinics, 64(1), 127.
    Type: Other
    Crossref
  87. A Sluckin (2015). Introducing selective mutism and an overview of approaches. Tackling selective mutism: A guide for professionals and parents . Introducing selective mutism and an overview of approaches. Tackling selective mutism: A guide for professionals and parents.
    Type: Other
    Crossref
  88. Caroline Mills , Christine Chapparo (2017). A randomised controlled trial of classroom based sensory activity schedule intervention for children with autism .
    Type: Article OpenAlex: https://openalex.org/W3215613459
    OpenAlex
  89. (2019). Khyber Medical University Journal . Khyber Medical University Journal. Khyber Medical University.
    Type: Other DOI: 10.35845/kmuj OpenAlex: https://openalex.org/W4248154819
    OpenAlex
  90. World Health Organization (2018). The ICD-11 classification of mental and behavioural dis1145 orders: Clinical descriptions and diagnostic guidelines. https://icd.who.int/browse11/l-m/en
    Type: Other
    Crossref